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Pecan Street Project – A “Green” Development

Center for Electromechanics. Pecan Street, Inc. Pecan Street Project – A “Green” Development. SWEDE 2013 May 5 , 2013 Austin, Texas. Dr. Fabian Uriarte Center for Electromechanics University of Texas at Austin. Smart Grid Location. Pecan Street offices. Texas Advanced Computing Center.

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Pecan Street Project – A “Green” Development

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  1. Center for Electromechanics Pecan Street, Inc. Pecan Street Project – A “Green” Development SWEDE 2013 May 5, 2013 Austin, Texas Dr. Fabian Uriarte Center for Electromechanics University of Texas at Austin

  2. Smart Grid Location Pecan Street offices Texas Advanced Computing Center Ctr. for Electromechanics pecanstreet.org Mueller Community

  3. One-line Diagram

  4. Transformer Load* Circuit feed (7.2 kV) Homes per transformer: Maximum: 11 Mode: 8 Minimum: 4 20-40 xfms. 240/120V *One possible combination

  5. Load Distribution by Phase (Photovoltaic Arrays) (Electric Vehicles)

  6. Case Study Center for Electromechanics * Modeling in progress

  7. Simulation Approach • Grow

  8. Residential Load Real Data

  9. PV Generation Real Data 0.5 - 1 MW of distributed PV generation daily

  10. EV Load Mix of 120 V and 240 V charging > 4 PM

  11. Transformers Throughput

  12. Transformer Utilization Before PVs and EVs After PVs and EVs • High PV/Load ratio causes reverse flows • Can increase or decrease xfm. utilization

  13. Change in Transformer Load No change • Example (blue areas): • Usage before: 25 % (fwd. direction) • Usage after: 5 % (reverse direction) • Change: 20 % • “-” or “<0” shows reduction in utilization • “>0” means increase in utilization PVs produce 23% increase EVs produce 2% increase

  14. Lateral Power As seen from here Before PVs and EVs After PVs and EVs PF PF VA VA Watts Watts Vars Vars • 0.5 MW reduction in real power demand • Equal reactive power demand • Power factor drops

  15. Lateral Current From here Before PVs and EVs After PVs and EVs • Decrease in diurnal current unbalance • Peak time unbalance unchanged

  16. Distribution Losses Before PVs and EVs After PVs and EVs Increase due to EVs Reduction due to PVs Xfmlosses almost unchanged $45/day = $16k/year

  17. Conclusions Center for Electromechanics • Simulation Model • We have real data (1 m resolution ) • Consumption • PV generation • Can simulate entire smart grid (735 homes) • Confidence in results • Transformers • Appear oversized already • Some operate ~80% • Can meet EV load (at Mueller community) • Power flow is forwards and backwards • Residential Solar Panels (PVs) • Inject power back into the grid • Injection is uncontrolled and unbalanced • Reduce lateral and transformer power factor • Provide voltage support • Electric Vehicles (Chevy Volts) • Uncontrolled charging exacerbates peak demand • Electrical impact appears small due to transformer sizing

  18. Acknowledgements

  19. Questions Center for Electromechanics Fabian Uriarte f.uriarte@cem.utexas.edu Center for ElectromechanicsThe University of Texas at Austin utexas.edu/research/cem 10100 Burnet Road, Austin, TX

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