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The Ankle

The Ankle. Ouch!!!. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFyxSaYqwtY. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIu6v4c5Wpw&NR=1. Ankle Range of Motion. Dorsiflexion Movement of the foot towards the shin Plantar Flexion Movement of the foot downward/pointing the toes.

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The Ankle

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  1. The Ankle

  2. Ouch!!! • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFyxSaYqwtY • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIu6v4c5Wpw&NR=1

  3. Ankle Range of Motion • Dorsiflexion Movement of the foot towards the shin • Plantar Flexion Movement of the foot downward/pointing the toes

  4. Inversion Turning the foot inward • Eversion Turning the foot outward

  5. Degrees of Motion • Dorsiflexion = 20o • Plantar Flexion = 50o • Inversion = 5o • Eversion = 5o

  6. The purpose of an ankle taping is to reduce ROM at the ankle. While taping, the athlete should maintain the ankle in a dorsiflexed position.

  7. Components of a Basic Ankle Taping • Anchors around base of calf and midfoot • Stirrups with horseshoes • Figure 8’s • Heel Locks http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7v4PoBEIQ88

  8. 26 bones Phalanges – 14 Metatarsals – 5 Tarsals – 7 1. Talus 2. Calcaneus 3. Cuboid 4. Navicular 5,6,7. Cuneiforms Skeletal Anatomy

  9. Tibia Distal portion is called the medial malleolus Fibula Distal portion is called the lateral malleolus

  10. Why is it easier to invert ankle than evert the ankle? • Lateral Malleolus (fibula) extends further distally than the medial malleolus • Deltoid ligament is stronger than the lateral ankle ligaments

  11. Joints of the Foot and Ankle 1. Talocrural (crural = leg) - formed between talus, fibula, and tibia - sight of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion • Subtalar (below the talus) - sight of inversion and eversion • Tarsometatarsal • Metatarsalphalangeal (MP) • Interphalangeal (IP)

  12. Lateral Ligaments 1. Anterior Talofibular Lig (ATF) Connects fibula to talus 2. Calcaneofibular Lig (CF) Connects fibula to calcaneus 3. Posterior Talofibular Lig (PTF) Connects fibula to talus Ankle Ligaments

  13. Medial Ankle 1. Deltoid Ligament composed of 4 parts

  14. Muscles of the Lower Leg • 4 compartments • Anterior • Dorsiflex foot • Extend toes up • Lateral • Evert Foot • Plantar Flexion • Posterior • Plantar Flexion • Deep Posterior • Invert Foot • Flex toes (curl) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lKKBWWErHM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhIEXC3JrYs

  15. Muscles of the Leg and Ankle Anterior Compartment • Contains the muscles that 1) dorsiflex the ankle 2) extend the toes • Tibialis Anterior – ankle dorsiflexion and inversion • Extensor HallucisLongus – extends big toe and dorsiflexes ankle • Extensor DigitorumLongus – extends toes 2 – 5 and dorsiflexes ankle • Hallucis – refers to big toe

  16. Extensor Longus Muscles

  17. Lateral Compartment • Contains muscles that perform eversion of foot • Peroneus Longus – • ankle eversion and plantar flexion • aka FibularisLongus • Peroneus Brevis – • ankle eversion and plantar flexion • aka FibularisBrevis These muscles are on the lateral side of the leg & are posterior to the lateral malleolus. This causes PLANTAR FLEXION.

  18. PeroneusLongus PeroneusBrevis

  19. Superficial Posterior Compartment • Contains muscles that plantar flex ankle • Gastrocnemius – powerful plantar flexor (Calf Muscle) • Soleus – powerful plantar flexor • Lower and underneath the Gastrocnemius • Both muscles share the Achilles Tendon and insert into the Calcaneus

  20. Deep Posterior Compartment • muscles that perform inversion of the foot and flex the toes • Flexor HallucisLongus – flexes big toe, weak plantar flexor • Flexor DigitorumLongus – flexes toes 2 – 5, and weak plantar flexor • Tibialis Posterior – main inverter of foot, ankle plantar flexion

  21. Deep Posterior Lateral Superficial Posterior No Anterior Muscles from this view

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