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Flight Control System Training: Indications of Descent & Automation

This manual covers key aspects of descent indications and flight control system training for pilots operating aircraft, focusing on vertical speed indicators, barometric altimeters, radar altimeters, and pitch command cues. It emphasizes the importance of human factors, such as pilot awareness, overreliance on automation, and mode understanding. Detailed information on the SPZ-7000 and SPZ-7600 DDAFCS, single-axis selections, command cue formats, and decouple annunciations is provided. It highlights the need for additional training for complex systems such as the SPZ-7000/7600 to ensure pilots can interpret and act on vital indications effectively.

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Flight Control System Training: Indications of Descent & Automation

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  1. Cockpit Indications of Descent Flight Control System Training

  2. Captain and Copilot • Certificated, qualified, trained • Received CFIT training • Experienced • Adequate opportunity for rest • No medical or behavioral conditions • First pairing of flight crew

  3. Indications of Descent

  4. Indications of Descent Vertical speed indicators Barometric altimeters Radar altimeters Rising runway symbols

  5. Indications of Descent Vertical speed indicators Barometric altimeters Radar altimeters Rising runway symbols

  6. Indications of Descent Vertical speed indicators Barometric altimeters Radar altimeters Rising runway symbols

  7. Indications of Descent Vertical speed indicators Barometric altimeters Radar altimeters Rising runway symbols

  8. Additional Indications of Descent

  9. Additional Indications of Descent Decision height Altitude preselect Pitch command cues

  10. Additional Indications of Descent Decision height Altitude preselect Pitch command cues

  11. Additional Indications of Descent Decision height Altitude preselect Pitch command cues

  12. Additional Indications of Descent Decision height Altitude preselect Pitch command cues ALT HDG

  13. Indications of Descent • Multiple indications of descent would have been available • Flight crew capable of properly interpreting these indications • Complexity of flight control system examined

  14. SPZ-7000 DDAFCS • ATT mode of autopilot system • Maintains pitch and roll attitudes • Flight director system • Provides pitch and roll command cues • Autopilot can be coupled to flight director

  15. Human Factors: Automation • Pilot overreliance • Pilot mode awareness

  16. Human Factors: SPZ-7000 • Flight director status (1 versus 2) • No visual annunciation on ADI • Coupling status and alert • No visual annunciation on ADI • No decouple alert (visual or aural) • Decoupling requires manual flight • Single-axis selection

  17. Single-Axis Selection Pitch command cue Roll command cue ALT

  18. Single-Axis Selection Pitch command cue Roll command cue HDG

  19. Single-Axis Selection Pitch command cue or Roll command cue ALT HDG

  20. SPZ-7600 DDAFCS Differences • Annunciations promote pilot mode awareness • Decouple visual alert • Decouple aural alert • Design issues remain • Single-axis selection

  21. Flight Control System Additional training needed • Flight director status • Coupling status • Single-axis command cues • SPZ-7000/7600 differences

  22. 7000/7600 Command Cue Formats Aircraft symbol only Dual-cue format Single-cue format

  23. SPZ-7000 Single-Axis Presentations Dual-cue format Single-cue format

  24. SPZ-7600 Single-Axis Presentations Dual-cue format Single-cue format

  25. SPZ-7600 Decouple Annunciations • Visual decouple annunciation • On front instrument panel • Above each pilot’s barometric altimeter • Aural alert upon decoupling

  26. ADI for Sikorsky S-92 • Visual annunciation • Flight director status • Couple status • Color coded • Aural alert upon decoupling • With master caution

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