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Prussia

Prussia. The Unification of Deutschland. Remember Back…. After Congress of Vienna 1815 German Confederation Buffer to French expansion Austria Does not want a united Germany nor do smaller German states Less economic competition Less domination over smaller states. Prussia

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Prussia

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  1. Prussia The Unification of Deutschland

  2. Remember Back… • After Congress of Vienna • 1815 German Confederation • Buffer to French expansion • Austria • Does not want a united Germany nor do smaller German states • Less economic competition • Less domination over smaller states

  3. Prussia • Largest German state • Well organized government • Strong economy • Zollverein-Economic Union (1834) • Businesses reduced trade barriers between German states • Where is there a Zollverein present today?

  4. Revolutions of 1848 • Effects on German Confederation • Liberal: wanted to limit state interference in individual life and urged voting rights. • Conservatives- wanting to restore power to the Kings and church/oppossed to revolutionary ideas on rights of individuals • Liberal government leaders • New constitution • Bickering between political parties • Conservatives take over the government • 1850 Liberal and Radical Germans flee the country

  5. Wilhelm I (William) of Prussia • Strong military • Expands army • Prussian citizens see this as a threat and refuse more taxation for military spending • Prime Minister • Otto von Bismarck • Junker-landowner • Had been ambassador to France and Russia -Shared Kings (William I) ideas about strong military

  6. Realpolitik • - right of the nation-state to pursue its own advantage by any means, including war. • Bismarck’s policy • “Blood and Iron” • How the issues of the times would be decided • Bismarck would step over congress and tax for more war

  7. Handout speech

  8. Blood and Iron • “Blood and Iron” • How the issues of the times would be decided • Bismarck would step over congress and tax for more war

  9. “Show me an objective worthy of war and I will go along with you” -Bismarck • Bismarck wanted • Unification of Germany • Crush Austrian sphere of influence in German states • To do list • 1. War with Denmark - take territories (Schleswig/Holstein) • 2. Seven Weeks’ War- in which he crush Austria • 3. Franco-Prussian War- in which he Defeat Napoleon III

  10. How to… • Use Nationalism • Same language, culture, traditions • Sense of superiority • Books • Music • Ethnocentrism- idea ones culture is better than any one else's.

  11. United Germany • Jan. 18, 1871 • Kaiser –emperor- Wilhelm I • Chancellor- Chief Minister-Bismarck • Second German Reich begins • 25 States make up the unified Germany • Kaiser was the head “kind of” Bismarck was head of the show!

  12. Rockin’ the Pope • Prussians = Protestants • Southern Germans = Catholic • Both had political parties • Bismarck • Viewed Catholics as Anti-nationalist • Supported more Protestant political affairs • Did not want papal influences • Expelled Jesuit priests in 1872 • Laws made to cut the Churches authority • Weddings performed by secular officials

  13. Kulturkampf • Cultural struggle between Church and State • Bismarck’s tactics against the Catholics strengthened their support • Think Reformation: What religious group dominates “Germany” and why?

  14. Rise of German Socialism • Social Democratic party 1875 • Industrialization of German • Plight of the workers • Workingmen’s Association 1863 – labor organization • Influenced by Marx • Social Democratic party 1875 • Political force • Bismarck did not trust the party W3-2 sentence summary

  15. New Kaiser • Death of Wilhelm I 1888 • Wilhelm II takes over (grandson of Wilhelm I) Wilhelm II -political policy-militarism -support for a powerful military prepared for war -Emperor/Kaiser was absolute authority -Conflict with Bismarck -Bismarck resigns 1890

  16. Activity • In pairs come up with five ways German Nationalism will lead to world conflicts in the 20th century. • Think about • Ethnocentrism • Militarism

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