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Tissue Repair & Electrotherapeutic Agents

Tissue Repair & Electrotherapeutic Agents. Causes of Inflammation. Soft tissue trauma Fractures Autoimmune diseases Microbial agents Chemical agents Thermal agents Irradiation Foreign bodies. Inflammation & Repair consists of 4 phases:. Initial injury phase (bleeding, clot,…)

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Tissue Repair & Electrotherapeutic Agents

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  1. Tissue Repair & Electrotherapeutic Agents

  2. Causes of Inflammation • Soft tissue trauma • Fractures • Autoimmune diseases • Microbial agents • Chemical agents • Thermal agents • Irradiation • Foreign bodies

  3. Inflammation & Repair consists of 4 phases: • Initial injury phase (bleeding, clot,…) • Inflammatory response phase (prepares wound for healing) • Fibroblastic repair phase, proliferation (rebuilds damaged structures & strengthen the wound) • Maturation phase, remodeling (modifies the scar tissue into its nature form)

  4. Initial Injury Phase • Destruction of tissue (injury of cells) • bleeding Inflammatory Phase • Signs of inflammation

  5. Fibroblastic – Repair (proliferative) Phase • First few hours after injury  4 to 6 weeks • Reconstruct (fibroblasts- endothelial cells – macrophages) • Resurfacing • Strength of wound

  6. Processes Occur in The Proliferative Phase • Epithelization • Collagen production  fibroblasts • Wound contracture  myofibroblasts. Contract pulling the ends of wound (scar) • Neovascularization

  7. Maturation (Remodeling) Phase • Takes months or years • Change in size, form & strength of scar tissue • Fibroblasts, macrophages, myofibroblasts, capillaries and water content of tissue • The goal is restoration of prior function of injured tissue

  8. Factors Affecting Rate of Maturation & Scar Characteristics are: • Fiber orientation • Balance of collagen synthesis and lysis

  9. Factors That Impede Healing • Extent of injury • Edema • Hemorrhage • Bad vascular supply • Separation of tissue • Muscle spasm • Atrophy

  10. Factors That Impede Healing • Corticosteroids • Keloids & hypertrophic scar • Infection • Humidity climate & oxygen tension • Health, age & nutrition

  11. Injury Management • Cryotherapy • RICE (rest, ice, compression & elevation)

  12. The Role of Progressive Controlled Mobility in The Maturation Phase • Wolff’s Law: states that both bone & soft tissue will respond to the physical demands placed on them, causing them to remodel along the line of tensile force.

  13. Immobilization • Control mobilization, revascularization, muscle regeneration & reorientation of muscle fibers • Active strengthening exercises in the remodeling phase

  14. Modality not combined with anti-inflammatory medication during initial acute & inflammatory phases

  15. Applied Electrical Charges The effect on the body depend on: • Intensity • Nature of resulting current • Chemical changes (direct current) • Stimulation of excitable tissues ( stimulating current) • High currents  significant heating (diathermy)

  16. Therapeutic modalities can restore normal cell membrane potential and leads to decreasing inflammation, decreasing edema and increasing healing.

  17.  Good Luck 

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