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Anatomy and Physiology Terminology

AKA ... a new language. Anatomy and Physiology Terminology. 1 st thing 1 st. Anatomical Position Standing erect, face forward, upper limbs (arms) at the side with the palms forward Right and left refer to “body right” and “body left”

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Anatomy and Physiology Terminology

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  1. AKA ... a new language Anatomy and Physiology Terminology

  2. 1st thing 1st • Anatomical Position • Standing erect, face forward, upper limbs (arms) at the side with the palms forward • Right and left refer to “body right” and “body left” • The “body” is the one we are talking about. Not yours, unless you are the one being discussed. ^-^

  3. Relative Terms • Describe the location of a body part with respect to another body part. So, they depend on other factors... • 1st Set • Superior – body part closer to the head; above the other • Inferior – body part is closer to the feet; below the other

  4. Some more partners • 2nd set • Anterior (AKA ventral)- towards the front (belly side) • Posterior (AKA dorsal) – towards the back • 3rd set • Medial – refers to an imaginary line that separates us into right and left sides; it means towards the middle or this line • Lateral – towards the side of the body in respect to this imaginary line

  5. A few more... • 4th set • Proximal – body part is closer to the point of attachment to the trunk than another body part • Distal – body part is farther from the point of attachment to the trunk than the other part • 5th set • Superficial (AKA peripheral)- situated near the surface • Deep – is more internal than another part

  6. Done with partners... Now we get to look at sections! • Three imaginary planes divide the body and are used to organize and give relative locations to internal parts • Sagittal – divides the body into right and left portions • If on the midline called median or midsagittal • Transverse (horizontal) – divides body into inferior and superior sections • Coronal (frontal) divides body into anterior and posterior sections

  7. A few more sections • The previous sections can be used to divide organs as well. • If the organ is a cylinder, such as a long bone, there are a few more. • Cross section – a cut across • Oblique section – an angular cut • Longitudinal section – lengthwise cut

  8. Body regions... Yep, they get special names, too. • 1st up... the 9 regions of the abdominal area • Epigastric region – upper middle portion • Left and Right Hypochondriac regions – lie on either side of the epigastric region • Umbilical region – middle portion where the belly button is • Left and Right Lumbar regions - either side of the umbilical region • Hypogastric region – lower middle portion • Left and Right iliac (or inguinal) region – either side of the hypogastric region

  9. Some more... • The abdomen can be divided into only four quandrants, depends on what the doctor needs... • Right and left upper quadrant • Right and left lower quadrant

  10. Now, the list begins... • Abdominal – region between the thorax and the pelvis • Acromial- the point of the shoulder • Antebrachial – the forearm (lower arm) • Antecubital – space in front of the elbow • Axillary – the armpit • Brachial – the arm • Buccal – the cheek

  11. It keeps going.... • Carpel – the wrist • Celiac – the abdomen (go fig.. its got two names) • Cephalic – the head • Cervical – the neck • Coxal – the hip • Crural – the leg • Cubital – the elbow

  12. And going... • Digital – the finger • Dorsal – the back • Femoral – the thigh • Frontal – the forehead • Gentital – the reproductive organs • Gluteal – the buttocks • Inguinal – the depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh (groin)

  13. And going.... • Lumbar – the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis • Mammary – the breast • Mental – the chin • Nasal – the nose • Occipital – the lower posterior region of the head • Oral – the mouth

  14. Still going... • Orbital – the eye cavity • Otic – the ear • Palmar – the palm of the hand • Patellar – the front of the knee • Pectoral – the chest • Pedal- the foot • Pelvic – the pelvis • Perineal – the region between the anus and the external reproductive organs

  15. Until you're sick of them • Plantar – the sole of the foot • Popliteal – the area behind the knee • Sacral – the posterior region between the hipbones • Sternal - the middle of the thorax, anteriorly • Tarsal – the instep of the foot • Umbilical – the navel • Vertebral – the spinal column

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