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Materials and Structures

To keep size down many pictures and the links on this presentation were not included for the proceedings. If you wish to receive a CD with the full content please contact me at: somers.anthony.a@edumail.vic.gov.au. Materials and Structures. Anthony Somers Ashwood College.

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Materials and Structures

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  1. To keep size down many pictures and the links on this presentation were not included for the proceedings. If you wish to receive a CD with the full content please contact me at: somers.anthony.a@edumail.vic.gov.au

  2. Materials and Structures Anthony Somers Ashwood College Materials Engineering

  3. Materials and Structures • Introduction • Topic Breakdown • Demonstrations and Practicals • Sample Problems • SAC • Textbooks • Careers • Resource CD

  4. Materials and Structures Design and materials combine to make successful structures

  5. Materials and Structures Why is it important? • Tacoma Narrows Bridge

  6. Structural Failures

  7. Structural Failures Westgate Bridge • During construction • Two sides not aligned

  8. Structural Failures

  9. Westgate Bridge Original design 40000 vehicles 25t max Present day 250000 vehicles 68t max

  10. Structural Flaws Investigating how structures fail……...

  11. Structural Flaws Any concerns?

  12. Structural Flaws Is this a safe work environment?

  13. Materials

  14. Materials Price $1600 Price $10,000 Why?

  15. Materials and Structures The success of any structure depends on: • The design of the structure • The materials used in the structure

  16. Materials and Structures Topic breakdown • Study Design • Exams

  17. Materials and Structures Exam breakdown • Forces in Structures (Structure) 31% • Stress/Strain Curve (Materials) 50% • Composites (Steel/Concrete) 14% • Terms 5%

  18. Materials and Structures Main Topics with Presentations • Forces in Structures • Stress/Strain Curve • Composites

  19. Forces in Structures

  20. Forces in Structures Understanding • Types of loads • Forces in structure elements

  21. Forces in Structures There are five different types of load • Tension (stretching) • Compression (squashing) • Shear (sliding) • Bending • Torque (rotating) Load Demonstration

  22. Forces in Structures Force type analysis in structures Construct structures

  23. Stress/Strain Curve

  24. Stress/Strain Curve Many terms: • Stress • Strain • Young’s Modulus • Strength • Stiffness • Elastic • Plastic • Brittle • Tough • Yield Point

  25. Stress/Strain Curve Stress and Strain • Killer Pythons and Snakes Which is stronger?

  26. Stress/Strain Curve Stress and Strain • Used to compare materials of different dimensions • Stress = Force/Area • Strain = Change in Length/Original Length

  27. Stress/Strain Curve Stress Strain

  28. Stress/Strain Curve Types of Tensile Testing Stress Stress Strain Strain Increasing weight Measure strain Constant speed Measure stress and strain

  29. Stress/Strain Curve Tensile Test Video

  30. Stress/Strain Curve Material Properties • Plastic/Elastic • Brittle/Tough Demonstrate with silly putty Available from CSIROSEC

  31. Composite Materials • Second material inside first to increase toughness • Carbon fibre composite, reinforced concrete, fiberglass • The reinforcing spreads the energy of the crack Toughness Demonstration

  32. Sample Problems

  33. Sample Problems Forces in Structures For stability: Forces: R = F1 + F2 Torque about R: F1x1=F2x2 R x1 x2 F2 F1

  34. Sample Problems Forces in Structures x Fs 30° Fw Beam weight 60° Strut Load Weight

  35. Sample Problems Composites

  36. Assessment SAC – Great for data analysis • 2007 SAC

  37. Materials and Structures Textbook Analysis

  38. Textbook Analysis Jacaranda • brief on force in structures • covers stress/strain curve and composites well

  39. Textbook Analysis Nelson • force in structures well covered • stress/strain curve OK confusing order • composites very brief

  40. Textbook Analysis Heinemann • force in structures very brief • stress/strain curve very well covered • composites very well covered

  41. Careers What do materials engineers do? • Select appropriate materials • Develop new materials

  42. Careers What do materials engineers do? • Failure Analysis • Test materials

  43. Careers What do materials engineers do? • Predict material lifetimes

  44. Materials and Structures Careers – Monash University • Materials Engineering More information: • Materials Engineering Brochure • www.monash.edu.au/materials

  45. Materials and Structures Anthony Somers somers.anthony.a@edumail.vic.gov.au • If you want data for data analysis SAC • Post on Edulists (edulists.com.au) • Experiment ideas to be passed on

  46. Structural Failures Tacoma Narrows Bridge (wikipedia) • Sides of bridge solid, catch wind • Deck of bridge too light

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