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555-564 - Draw inferences from statistical data sets. - Describe how the Progressive Movement influenced American society by the 20 th century. What can you infer/conclude about this photo?. Progressivism in the United States. Study the bar graph: “Interpreting a Graph: Education
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555-564 - Draw inferences from statistical data sets. - Describe how the Progressive Movement influenced American society by the 20th century.
Progressivism in the United States • Study the bar graph: “Interpreting a Graph: Education 1870-1920” and pick out any of the statements that can be proven true based on the graph. • PRACTICE: • # 1 • # 4 • # 6 • # 10
Progressivism in the United States • Possible conclusions, inferences or predictions from our graph: • PRACTICE: • Immigration caused population to continue to grow, so there were more students attending schools. • Progressives were making progress in educational reform. • Education levels increased since the United States became more industrialized and urban and less agricultural.
Progressivism in the United States • Study the other data sets and write a trend, conclusion or inference based on each. • Minorities still lag behind whites in education, although it is improving. • More girls begin attending school, closing the gap compared to boys attending schools. • As education levels increase, so do divorce rates, suggesting possibly that women have increased economic opportunities due to increased education. • Overall education levels are growing faster than the population which will help the economy. • So, Progressives were making PROGRESS, however, they • still had a long way to go!
Progressivism in the United States • Trans-Atlantic Influences (from Europe) • International conferences on Progressive concerns were held since Europe struggled with similar problems, so American reformers looked there for answers. • The British Social Evangelist William Stead’s Civic Church. • McClure’s Magazine sent Ray Stannard Baker to see Germany’s social welfare program.
Progressivism in the United States • Other Influences on Progressivism • Socialism • Condemned U.S. socioeconomic inequalities, criticized our limited government, supported public ownership of utilities. (Wanted government to take over regulating/owning business). • Eugene Debs leads the “Socialist Party of America”(1901) and muckrakers Upton Sinclair and Lincoln Steffens support socialist ideas. • HOWEVER, Socialism played a very limitedrole since most Americans viewed their ideas as radical.
Progressivism in the United States • Opponents of Progressive Reform • Religious Fundamentalists • Walter Rauschenbusch • Billy Sunday • Business Interests angered by muckrakers attacks created public relations offices. • Anti-Labor Groups like the National Association of Manufacturers. • Supreme Court helped big business by issuing injunctions, preventing unions from boycotting and overturning maximum hours laws in cases like “Lochnerv. New York” in 1905.
Progressivism in the United States • Reforming American Society • Settlement Houses such as Jane Addams “Hull House”. • Urban Reform Laws like Lawrence Veiller’s “New York Tenement House Law” (1901). • Child Labor Laws • National Child Labor Committee • John Spargo’s book “Bitter Cry of the Children”. • Efforts to help women • Muller v. Oregon upheld laws limiting maximum work hours. • States began to provide welfare programs such as Wisconsin’s “Mothers Pensions” and Workers Compensation if injured.
Progressivism in the United States • Reforming American Society • Efforts to help women • Muller v. Oregon upheld laws limiting maximum work hours. • States began to provide welfare programs such as Wisconsin’s “Mothers Pensions” and Workers Compensation if injured. • Educational Reform • John Dewey’s book “The School & Society” suggested schools could improve society . • Later, states passed laws on compulsory attendance and professional education and licensing for teachers, professors.
Progressivism in the United States • Reforming American Society • Margaret Sanger in New York • Limited Immigration with “Literacy Law” (1917) • “Mann Act” (1910) • Prohibition was pushed by the Anti-Saloon League which led to the 18th Amendment (1920).
Progressivism in the United States • Reforming American Society • Margaret Sanger • Limited Immigration • Mann Act (1910) • Prohibition pushed by the Anti-Saloon League led to the 18th Amendment (1920) • Harrison Act (1914) • Country Life Commission (1908) • Niagara Movement (1905)
