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The Progressive Movement. Progressive Presidents. Theodore Roosevelt William H. Taft Woodrow Wilson . Progressive Government. More direct participation in political process Limit the power of city bosses Direct primaries Initiative process Referendum Recall . 17 th Amendment.
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The Progressive Movement
Progressive Presidents • Theodore Roosevelt • William H. Taft • Woodrow Wilson
Progressive Government • More direct participation in political process • Limit the power of city bosses • Direct primaries • Initiative process • Referendum • Recall
17th Amendment • Direct election of senators • Previously selected by state legislatures • 1913
City Management • City bosses replaced by city managers • Reported to a mayor and city council • Public ownership • Water • Gas • Transportation • Electricity
Workmen’s Compensation • Payment to workers or families for disability or death suffered on the job • Labor unions opposed workmen’s comp state control of workers benefits would reduce need for unions
Triangle Shirtwaist Company • Factory regulation resulted from tragedy • 150 (Jewish and Italian women) died in a fire, jumping from a ten story building • no mandatory fire escapes • Results • Owners tried for manslaughter acquitted • Families received $75 in damages • NY instated 54 hour work week for women • Prohibited children 14 and under from working • New business regulations
Child Labor • National Child Labor Committee • Movement started to address exploitation of children • Minimum legal age 12-16 • Maximum workday or week • Photographer Lewis Hines exposed the evils of child labor
Women’s Suffrage • Progressive male argument physically women are weaker than men, brains MUST BE smaller • National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) • Pushed for suffrage state by state • National Women’s Party • Pushed for a constitutional amendment • Used picket lines, marches and hunger strikes • Pushed for suffrage state by state
Women’s Suffrage Picketing the White House during World War I 19th Amendment enfranchisement of women
Twilight of Progressivsm • “There’s no chance of progress and reform in an administration in which war plays the principal part.” • Woodrow Wilson, 1913 • 1914 Wilson understood American’s involvement was eminent • Progressive Age saw its end with 19th century imperialism and the beginning of World War I