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ENERGY RESOURCES

ENERGY RESOURCES. Where does our energy come from?. Can energy be “made”?. The 1 st law of thermodynamics says that…. ENERGY CAN NOT BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED. So….How do we get our energy?. It can be CONVERTED…. From potential to kinetic energy. Here’s an example:.

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ENERGY RESOURCES

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  1. ENERGY RESOURCES

  2. Where does our energy come from?

  3. Can energy be “made”? The 1st law of thermodynamics says that…. ENERGY CAN NOT BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED

  4. So….How do we get our energy?

  5. It can be CONVERTED….. From potential to kinetic energy

  6. Here’s an example:

  7. So what form is our energy converted from? Most of our energy comes fromCHEMICAL ENERGYthat is stored inFOSSIL FUELS

  8. FOSSIL FUELS • Coal • Oil • Natural Gas

  9. COAL Where does it come from ?

  10. Coal was once plant material • and the plants got their energy from…. • The SUN

  11. How do we extract the coal? We sink mine-shafts into the earth….

  12. …or we can use “Open-Cast” mining.

  13. Much of the world’s energy still comes from coal.

  14. What are the advantages of using coal? • There’s plenty of it • It’s relatively cheap • Our conventional power stations are designed to use it.

  15. What are the disadvantages of using coal? • Fumes from power stations cause acid rain. • Damage to water, buildings, wildlife, & habitat

  16. Moran Plant in Burlington, VT 1954-1986

  17. OIL

  18. Millions of years ago, the dead bodies of living things settled to the bottom of the ocean. As they were buried, the remains turned slowly into OIL.

  19. The oil is trapped in pockets in the rock.

  20. Oil is pumped up from deposits deep underground.

  21. Sometimes the oil rigs are off-shore.

  22. Now it is refined and turned into a range of different fuels.

  23. What are Oil’s advantages? • It’s easy to transport • It’s easy to store • It’s easy to use

  24. But what are the disadvantages?

  25. If an accident occurs…..

  26. A tanker wreck causes catastrophic pollution

  27. NATURAL GAS…. …FROM THE SAME SOURCES AS OIL

  28. Natural gas can also be used as a fuel to generate heat, and from that, electricity

  29. But burning ANY fossil fuel causes pollution and the carbon dioxide adds to the “greenhouse effect”...

  30. Cars are amongst the worst polluters… but what’s the alternative?

  31. Industry pollutes the air with sulphur dioxide

  32. Oil refineries….

  33. Just about everywhere, we are pouring pollutants out into the air

  34. So, no matter what fossil fuel we use to make electricity, it can be contributing to global warming.

  35. …and acid rain.

  36. ….and what about NUCLEAR power? • using nuclear reactions to produce energy for commercial use. • Involves nuclear fission– the splitting of the nucleus of a large atom into two or more smaller nuclei. • This involves a release of a lot of heat energy which can be used to generate electricity.

  37. Nuclear power has advantages in that the fuel lasts a long time. But the disadvantage is that the used fuel is very dangerous and there is always the risk of radiation leaks causing cancer.

  38. Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Energy are considered to be Nonrenewable Resources • substances in limited supply that cannot be replaced.

  39. SO WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT IT?

  40. USE MORE RENEWABLE RESOURCES -- substances that can be replaced NOTE: these are NOT “reusable” resources - NO fuel can be re-used! It just means they can bereplaced

  41. Examples of Renewable Resources • the WIND • the SUN (heat and light) • BIOMASS (vegetation, manure) • GEOTHERMAL (earths heat) • WATER (hydroelectric, tides, waves)

  42. WIND POWER

  43. The KINETIC energy of the wind turns the blades of the windmill….

  44. …and converts it into ELECTRICAL ENERGY

  45. Advantages: • Clean and quiet • Cheap, once set up • Low maintenance Disadvantages: • Expensive equipment • Needs wind to work • An “eyesore”? • Disrupts animal habitat

  46. Wind turbine to power Hinesburg libraryPublished: Monday, April 9, 2007 • This June, a small wind turbine will be installed in Hinesburg's Geprags Park that will power the library. • The turbine will be installed with money from a Vermont Department of Public Service grant, which stipulates that the turbine be placed on town-owned land and power a municipal or school building. The turbine will cost about $25,000. • "You should build small wind turbines like you build cars -- you should be building thousands of them, not hundreds," Blittersdorf said. "That's what's necessary to get the cost down."

  47. The SUN - SOLAR POWER LIGHT energy is converted directly to ELECTRICITY in a photovoltaic cell

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