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Urbanization

Urbanization. Mega Cities. PRIMATE CITIES: MEXICO CITY: 9.8 million (Guadalajara: 1.7 million) BANGKOK: 5.9 million (Chiangmai: 278,000) LONDON: 6.9 million (Birmingham: ~ 1 million). MOST MEGACITIES ARE LOCATED IN THIRD WORLD. Distribution of Cities. Regional Urban Growth.

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Urbanization

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  1. Urbanization

  2. Mega Cities PRIMATE CITIES: MEXICO CITY: 9.8 million (Guadalajara: 1.7 million) BANGKOK: 5.9 million (Chiangmai: 278,000) LONDON: 6.9 million (Birmingham: ~ 1 million) MOST MEGACITIES ARE LOCATED IN THIRD WORLD

  3. Distribution of Cities

  4. Regional Urban Growth

  5. Population by City Size

  6. Urbanization: Summary • MEGA Cities: Cities with over 8 million population [Definitions vary] • Rank Size Rule: Hierarchy of Cities • Primate Cities: Cities much larger than other cities in country (e.g. Seoul = 34 x Pusan) • Four Country Primacy Index: FCPI= P1 / (P1+P2+P3+P4)

  7. Third World Urbanization • Urbanization Level: Latin America > Asia > Africa [Exception: China and India in Asia] • Urbanization Rate: Africa, Asia > Latin America

  8. Urban Growth

  9. Migration • Migration components: • Rural to Urban; • Urban to Urban; • Circulators • Why migrate? • Lure of big city • Job opportunities (pull factor) • Lack of rural opportunities (push factor)

  10. Why Urbanize? • Urbanization = Economic Growth (?) • Agglomeration & Localization Economies • Potential Markets • Exception: Africa • Rural Urban Linkages • Symbiotic Economic Relationship

  11. Why not urbanize? • Is Urbanization Good? • Urban Bias (Michael Lipton) • Political and Economic Domination of urban groups • Lopsided development, more favorable to urban areas • Anti-Urban Policies • Ujaamization (Tanzania, Julius Nyerere) • Cultural Revolution (China, Mao Tse-Tung)

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