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SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

The Scientific Revolution challenged authority by promoting use of reason and questioning old beliefs, leading to conflicts with the Catholic Church. Learn about the influence of Galileo and Newton, the scientific method, new discoveries, and the spread of new ideas that shaped Enlightenment philosophy.

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SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

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  1. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION 7-2.2 Explain how the scientific revolution challenged authority and influenced Enlightenment philosophers, including the importance of the use of reason, the challenges to the Catholic Church, and the contributions of Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton.

  2. WHY DID IT HAPPEN? • The Renaissance inspired curiosity in many fields like the study of science

  3. HOW DID IT GET STARTED? • Scholars began to question the old beliefs of the Greeks & Romans and the Protestant & Catholic churches • For instance, before the Scientific Revolution, most people had a geocentric view of the universe (earth-centered universe)

  4. NEW THINKING!!!!! • By the mid 1500s, scientists & scholars began to question the old beliefs

  5. NEW THINKING!!!! • Scientists began using careful observation of the world around them to question accepted beliefs • Scientific Revolution – a new way of thinking about the natural world

  6. NEW THINKING!!!! • The Scientific Revolution also lead to the Age of Exploration.

  7. CONFLICT WITH THE CHURCH • The church had been the authority for many years. • Now the church felt threatened by this new way of thinking

  8. CONFLICT WITH THE CHURCH • If ordinary people started to questioning the church about the universe, then they may begin thinking the church was incorrect about religious beliefs also.

  9. Spreading the new Ideas!!!!! • The printing press allowed scientists to spread their ideas to others

  10. CONFLICT WITH THE CHURCH • Many scholars, like Galileo were placed on trial by the church (inquisition – church court that investigates cases of heresy)

  11. SCIENTIFIC METHOD • Copernicus, Kepler & Galileo began developing a new approach to science

  12. SCIENTIFIC METHOD • The new method was called the scientific method (a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas) • The scientific method developed slowly

  13. SCIENTIFIC METHOD • Francis Bacon & Rene` Descartes helped make many improvements to the method • Scientists needed to test old ideas before they concluded them to be factual

  14. SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS • Scientists began inventing new tools to make more detail observations

  15. SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS • New instruments: microscope, mercury barometer, thermometer, etc.

  16. MECIDINES & HUMAN BODY • Andreas Vesalius – the 1st scientist to dissect a human body to study the different parts • William Harvey – studied blood circulation & the action of the heart • Edward Jenner – introduced a new version of smallpox vaccination

  17. DISCOVERIES IN CHEMISTRY • Robert Boyle – explained volume, temperature & pressure of gas effect each other • Joseph Priestly – separated one pure gas from the air

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