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Measurment. Science 8 Ms. Drake Brookville Intermediate School. Measurement. A way to describe objects and events with numbers; quantitative description. Standards of measurement needed to be universal; they need to be agreed upon by people all over the world.
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Measurment Science 8 Ms. Drake Brookville Intermediate School
Measurement • A way to describe objects and events with numbers; quantitative description. • Standards of measurement needed to be universal; they need to be agreed upon by people all over the world. • Every measurement has a number and UNIT!!
Rounding • Look at the digit to the right of the place being rounded • If digit is 0-4, digit being rounded stays the same • If digit is 5 or more, digit begin rounded increases by 1 • Look at the digit being rounded to. Then look at the digits to its right. If those digits are to the right of a decimal, they are removed. If they are to the left of a decimal change them to zeros.
International System- SI • Metric system • Easier to use than the standard English system • System represents multiples of 10; DO NOT use fractions • Some units include: meter, kilogram, liter, and second
Linear System • Length, Width, Height • Tools: Ruler, Meter Stick, Tape Measurer Unit: METER
Linear System • For Solid Regular Objects • Perimeter- distance around the object (meter) • Area- length * width (meter squared) • Volume- length* width* height (meter cubed) • Circumference- distance around a circle (meter)
Volume • How much space matter occupies • Tools (liquid): Graduated Cylinder, Beaker, Flask Unit: LITER
Using a Graduated Cylinder • Water in a graduate has a curved surface called the meniscus. You always read the graduated cylinder at eye level.
Hint: • Always check the unnumbered marks on a graduate to see how many sections there are and what they measure.
Volume of Irregular-Shape Objects • We use a method called water displacementto determine their volume. Displacement is the change in the height of water when a non-regular shape is added. • Put some water in a graduate. Record the volume of the water. This is your initial volume.
Carefully slide the object into the graduated cylinder and record the new volume level. This is your final volume. • Subtract the initial volume from the final volume and you have the volume of the object. Initial Volume Final Volume
Mass • The amount of matter an object has • Tools: Balance, Scale Unit: GRAM • Use a triple-beam balance to measure an object’s mass.
Time • How long it takes an event to happen • Tools: Stop Watch or Clock Unit: HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS
Temperature • The measure of how hot or cold something is • Tools: Thermometer Unit: C • H20 freezes at 0 degrees Celsius and boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
Density • Density is a comparison of how much matter there is in a certain amount of space. • People in a square: Which square is more dense?
What is Density? • Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume. volume • Units for density: g . cm3 ALWAYS REMEMBER UNITS!
Let’s try a denisty problem together. . . • Frank has a paper clip. It has a mass of 9 g and a volume of 3 cm3. What is its density? • Frank also has an eraser. It has a mass of 3 g, and a volume of 1cm3. What is its density?
Work on these problems with your table group. . . • Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 6 g and a volume of 3 cm3. What is the density of the rock? • Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass of 8 g and a volume of 2 cm3. What is the density of the rock?
Try these on your own. . . • Al’Licia has a watch. It has a mass of 4 g and a volume of 2 cm3. What is the density of the watch? • Mia has a wallet. It has a mass of 15 g and a volume of 5 cm3. What is the density of the wallet?
Liquid Layers • If you pour together liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers. • The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom. • The liquid with the lowest density will be onthe top.
Liquid Layers • Which layer has the highest density? • Which layer has the lowest density? • Imagine that the liquids have the following densities: • 10g/cm3. 3g/cm3. • 6g/cm3. 5g/cm3. • Which number would go with which layer?
Liquid Layers- Try with your neighbor • Which liquid has the highest density? • Which liquid has the lowest density? • Which liquid has the middle density?
Liquid Layers- Now try on your own! • Imagine that the liquids on the right have the following densities: • 15g/cm3 10g/cm3 • 3g/cm3 9g/cm3 • 7g/cm3 12g/cm3 • Match the colors to the correct densities