Introducing the Jet Age: The Boeing 707

1. Introducing the Jet Age the Boeing 707 Barry Latter January 2015

3. Brabazon Committee December 1942 Study global aviation needs post war “Airline Committee on International Routes” (Committee of Seventeen Airlines) July 1943 Objective to Maximize support of Air Transport Command

4. Brabazon Committee conclusions: Type I - large transatlantic airliner serving the high-volume routes like London-New York, seating its passengers in luxury for the 12-hour trip. Type II was a short haul feeder liner intended to replace the Douglas DC-3 and de Havilland Dragon Rapide. Type IIA was a piston-powered aircraft, and the Type IIB would use the new turboprop engine. Type III medium-range aircraft for various routes serving the British Empire. Type IV a jet-powered 100-seat design. The Type IV would be able to replace the Type III outright.

5. Air Transport Command Composed of many Airlines “Open Skies” philosophy Post War single U.S. flag carrier airline “Chosen Instrument” regulated philosophy

7. International Civil Aviation Organisation Convened the “Chicago Convention” in December of 1944 Fifty Two nations participated to define the charter of a new body established to guide and develop international civil aviation

9. AEA (AA) TC&W (TWA) PanAm

11. SAC formed within USAAF USAF founded War dept Spec for jet bomber. LeMay SAC command KC-97 EIS 1944 1948 1952 B-47 First flight DeH Comet 1 first flight B-47 EIS Shairer letter to Cohn Getting into the jet business

12. Boeing XB-47 first flight December 17, 1947

13. Vickers Viscount First flight July 16, 1948

14. DeHavilland Comet 1 first flight July 27, 1949

15. Boeing XB-52 First flight April 15, 1952

16. Lockheed L-188 Electra First flight, December 6, 1957

17. Propeller reduction gear

18. Jets gained a bad reputation post war! • The industry was learning about • Compressibility effects • Metal fatigue • Powered controls/yaw damping • Jet engine handling/surging • - Flutter • Take off techniques • Lightning • Cabin Pressurization • Yet Trippe wanted to go for jets out of the box!

19. B-52 EIS KC135 EIS 367-80 First Flight KC135 Rollout 1952 1954 1956 1958 1959 707-121 EIS with PanAm PanAm orders jets DeH Comet EIS

20. “…All we need for an immediate go ahead is a customer” Wellwood Beall (1949 quote) V-P Engineering and Sales The Boeing Company

21. John Borger (1913-2011) 1946 appointed Chief Project Engineer PanAm 1963 appointed Chief Engineer PanAm

22. Boeing 367-80 Rollout May 14, 1954

23. Boeing model 367-80 First flight July 15, 1954 Courtesy The Boeing Company

30. Trippe’s apartment, Gracie Square, Manhattan Cocktail party for IATA delegates Trippe announces purchase of 45 jets

31. Courtesy The Boeing Company

32. Courtesy The Boeing Company

33. Courtesy The Boeing Company

37. New York Idlewild to Paris Le Bourget (stopping at Gander to refuel) October 26, 1958, with Boeing 707-121 Clipper America (N711PA) with 111 passengers.

39. Courtesy The Boeing Company

40. Courtesy The Boeing Company

44. Courtesy The Boeing Company

45. Jet Routes as of October, 1960 Pan Am inaugurated it's first jet service in October, 1958 with Boeing 707-121 flights across the Atlantic from New York to Paris. two months after the airline took delivery of the first aircraft from Boeing. Two years on, with advent of an updated B-707 model with longer range and more powerful engines, Pan Am was set to dominate global international air travel as the jet fleet expanded, eventually numbering 137 aircraft in the 707 family.

50. Backup slides