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Roman Empire

Explore the decline of the Roman Republic, rise of imperial monarchy, and the prosperous period of Pax Romana. Learn how military conquests, corruption, and social unrest shaped the Roman Empire. Discover the significance of Roman law and the impact of Roman rule on trade and prosperity in the ancient world.

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Roman Empire

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  1. Roman Empire World History SOL WHI 6e, f, g

  2. Essential Questions • Why did the Roman Republic fail to survive challenges by Julius Caesar? • How did military conquests alter economic and social life in Rome? • How did an imperial monarchy come to rule Rome? • What was the PaxRomana?

  3. Decline of the Republic

  4. Decline of the Republic • Rome became crowded and riots between rich and poor increased • Values of the Republic such as simplicity, hard work, and devotion declined • Influx of gold and loot from conquered territories devalued Roman currency and created inflation • Corruption and greed increased

  5. Rise of the Empire • Julius Caesar was a popular general and politician who wanted to reform the Republic and become emperor • First Triumvirate – He formed a political partnership with two other wealthy Romans, Pompey and Crassus • Julius Caesar took his army to Gaul and conquered the territory of modern France. His army was loyal to him rather than the Senate

  6. 1st Triumvirate

  7. Rise of the Empire • The Senate, fearing Caesar’s power, ordered him to return to Rome • Caesar ignored the order and seized Rome with his army • Caesar kept the Senate and officials of the Republic but he was named dictator for life • Caesar was assassinated in 44 BCE in the Senate

  8. 2nd Triumvirate

  9. Rise of the Empire • After Caesar was assassinated his grand nephew, Octavian, formed the 2nd Triumvirate but eventually there was a civil war • Octavian defeated Marc Antony in the civil war and proclaimed himself Augustus Caesar in 31 BCE

  10. PaxRomana • 200 year span from Augustus to Marcus Aurelius is known as the period of the PaxRomana or “Roman Peace” • Roman rule brought peace, prosperity, and unity • Trade increased in the Mediterranean and over the Silk Road

  11. PAX romana

  12. PAX romana

  13. Roman law

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