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Water and pH

Water and pH. EQ: How is water essential to life processes?. Properties of Water:. Water is POLAR . It has an uneven distribution of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen atoms One side of water is positive and the other is negative. +. +. -. Water properties:. 2. Water is cohesive

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Water and pH

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  1. Water and pH EQ: How is water essential to life processes?

  2. Properties of Water: • Water is POLAR. • It has an uneven distribution of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen atoms • One side of water is positive and the other is negative + + -

  3. Water properties: 2. Water is cohesive • Cohesion: attraction between same molecules, causes molecules to draw inward at surface • Ex: allows some insects & spiders can “walk” on the surface 3. Water is adhesive • Adhesion: attraction between different molecules, causes water to bend at the surface • Ex: capillary action-pulls column of water up to the top of a plant

  4. 4. Water is called the “Universal solvent”: dissolves many other substances due to polarity • Differences in charges pulls/pushes substances apart 5. Water exhibits evaporative cooling: removes heat when it evaporates from a surface • Ex: sweating cools skin 6. Water expands during freezing: expands into crystal formation releasing heat • Ex: rocks broken up by ice creating soil; ice layer protects fruit from freezing

  5. Acids, Bases and the pH scale • The pH scale measures the concentration of H+ ions (how acidic something is) • Ranges from 0-14 • At 7: H+ ions and OH- ions are equal so it is neutral • 0-7: acidic, has more H+ ions • 7-14: basic, has more OH- ions Draw this on a blank page

  6. ACIDS: release H+ when mixed with water • Sour, corrosive • Ex: HCl, H2SO4 • Always have H at front of formula • BASES: release OH- when mixed with water • Bitter, slippery, usually in cleaners • NaOH, CaOH • Always have OH at end of formula

  7. What is a buffer? • Buffers are weak acids or bases that react with strong acids and bases to prevent sharp changes in pH • Helps to neutralize • Help to control pH in blood, digestive tract, etc. to maintain homeostasis

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