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Mixtures Water pH

Mixtures Water pH. Honors Biology. Mixture:. A combination of two or more substances that are physically mixed They are not chemically combined!! Examples : soil, salsa, trail mix, milk & cereal, sugar water. Types of Mixtures:.

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Mixtures Water pH

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  1. MixturesWater pH Honors Biology

  2. Mixture: • A combination of two or more substances that are physically mixed They are not chemically combined!! • Examples:soil, salsa, trail mix, milk & cereal, sugar water.

  3. Types of Mixtures: • A. Solution: A mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another- molecules are evenly distributed.

  4. Parts of a Solution : 1. Solute: the substance that is dissolved in a solution 2. Solvent: the substance that does the dissolving. Example: salt water solute=salt, solvent=water

  5. Parts of a Solution : 1. Solute: the substance that is dissolved in a solution 2. Solvent: the substance that does the dissolving.

  6. B. Suspension: • Mixture of water and non-dissolved materials (In between a Mixture and Solution) • A Colloid: A suspension where you can’t see materials with naked eye • Examples: Blood, Milk

  7. Now test what you learned: • Indicate whether each is a mixture, solution or suspension. Unknown #1: Mixture Salt & Pepper

  8. Unknown #2: • Saltwater: Solution Solute: Salt Solvent: Water

  9. Unknown #3: Solution Solute: Sugar Solvent: Lemon Juice

  10. Unknown #4: Muddy Water Suspension

  11. Unknown #5: Solution Solute: Chocolate Solvent: Milk

  12. Unknown #6: Kool-Aid Solution Solute: Kool-Aid Solvent: Water

  13. Special Type of Solution • Emulsion – a type of Colloid An emulsion is a suspension of two liquids that usually do not mix together. For example if we mix oil and water a suspension will form that over time separates. But now, if we add a few drops of a third substance, the emulsifier, and shake the mixture the oil and water will stay mixed much longer. Examples of emulsions include butter and margarine, and mayonnaise.

  14. Water: Needed for Life • Water has several properties that make it necessary for life. • It is POLAR - It has area with a slight positive charge, and an area with a slight negative charge.

  15. Water: Needed for Life • This polarity gives us the property of Hydrogen Bonding.

  16. Water: Needed for Life Hydrogen Bonding allows one water molecule to “stick” to another water molecule.

  17. Water: Cohesion Cohesion is the ability for water molecules to stick to themselves Surface Tension Beads of Water

  18. Water: Adhesion Adhesion is the ability for water molecules to stick to other materials Meniscus in a graduated cylinder

  19. Water: A Great Solvent Remember… A solvent has the ability to dissolve other materials • Water is a solvent for many things • For example: The liquid part of your blood (the plasma) is 90% water • Some items, such as fats and oils DO NOT dissolve in water.

  20. pH: What is it? The pH scale is used to measure the strength of acids and bases

  21. pH: What is it? • Some compounds break up into ions when they dissolve in water. • Solutions with more H+ ions are more ACIDIC • They have a LOW pH (<7) • Solutions with less H+ ions are more BASIC • They have a HIGH pH (>7)  H2OH+ + OH- 

  22. pH: What is it? Some properties of acids and bases Lemon vinegar soda, aspirin Sour, burns, dissolves things < 7 Pure Water ------ = 7 Soap, baking soda, ammonia > 7 Bitter, Slippery

  23. pH: Looking at common items Battery Acid pH = 0 Orange Juice pH = 3 Ocean Water pH = 8 Oven Cleaner pH = 13

  24. pH: Importance to Humans • Blood has a pH of 7.4 (about neutral) • If pH goes below 6.8 or above 7.8 it is deadly! • To keep blood at the proper pH - our body uses buffers

  25. pH: Buffers • Buffers are weak acids or bases that neutralize, or weaken, strong acids or bases. • In blood, buffers prevent pH change. • Sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, is a buffer

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