Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation

1. Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation Sydney Nathans Emeritus Professor of History at Duke University

2. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/alhtml/almtime.html

3. Lincoln in 1860, Kunhardt, Looking for Lincoln, p.357.

4. Page of Images of Lincoln, Kunhardt, Looking for Lincoln, p.463.

5. Lincoln-Douglas Debate, Smithsonian Magazine, p.14.

6. Fourth Lincoln-Douglas Debate, Charleston, Illinois (September 18, 1858) [Michael Johnson, Abraham Lincoln, Slavery, and the Civil War, pp.73-74

7. Seventh Lincoln-Douglas Debate, Alton, Illinois (October 15, 1858) [Michael Johnson, Abraham Lincoln, Slavery, and the Civil War, pp.78-79

8. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/dukesm:@field(DOCID+@lit(ncdhasm.n0577))http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/dukesm:@field(DOCID+@lit(ncdhasm.n0577))

9. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/dukesm:@field(DOCID+@lit(ncdhasm.n0577))http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/dukesm:@field(DOCID+@lit(ncdhasm.n0577))

10. First Draft, Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation (July 22, 1862) http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/172/1723200/malpage.db&recNum=0

11. Dead of Antietam, Smithsonian Magazine, p.54.

12. The Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation (September 22, 1862), Gienapp, This Fiery Trial, pp.136-137.

13. "To Union Lines and Freedom” http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/archive/04/0404001r.jpg

14. Poem, “What Shall We Do with the Contrabands,” Nell Painter, Creating Black Americans, p 110 J. Madison Bell. 1862

15. "'Contrabands' at the Nation's Capitol“ http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/archive/04/0409001r.jpg

16. "Lincoln's Proclamation," a Lithograph by David Blythe. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/archive/04/0422001r.jpg

17. "Freedom's Eve--Watch Night Meeting", a portrait by Heard and Mosley. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/archive/04/0421001r.jpg

18. The Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863) [E.P. Transcription in Johnson, Lincoln, pp.218-219]

19. Black Soldiers: http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/cwar:@field(NUMBER+@band(cwp+4a40242))

20. Letter to James Conkling, excerpt (August 26, 1863): http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/258/2583900/malpage.db&recNum=0

21. Poem, “The Colored Soldiers,” in Nell Painter, Creating Black Americans, p. 122 Paul Laurence Dunbar, 1895

22. Poem, “The Colored Soldiers,” in Nell Painter, Creating Black Americans, p. 122 Paul Laurence Dunbar, 1895

23. Sculpture, “’Sprit of Freedom’ Monument, Washington D.C.,” in Nell Painter, Creating Black Americans, p. 122 Ed Hamilton, 1997-98.

24. Letter to Albert Hodges (April 4, 1864). http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/320/3207700/malpage.db&recNum=0

26. Wartime Map of Alabama and Mississippi, Insert David Blight, A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation. (New York: Harcourt, Inc., 2007)

27. Wartime Map of Mobile Bay.,Insert. David Blight, A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation. (New York: Harcourt, Inc., 2007)

28. John, M. Washington, “Memorys of the Past,” pp. 189-196 David Blight, A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation. (New York: Harcourt, Inc., 2007)

29. Frederick Douglass to Abraham Lincoln, Monday, August 29, 1864. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/356/3565200/malpage.db&recNum=0

30. 13th Amendment. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/charters_downloads.html

31. 13th Amendment Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime where of the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Section 2. Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.