The Intel Microprocessors --from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing

1. The Intel Microprocessors--from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing Teach by Zuohang (左航) College of Software 2003-8

2. E-mail : • zuohang@263.net • Phone: • 66860994

3. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

4. 1. Architecture 2. Programming 3. Interfacing

5. Memory Printer I/O CPU 1. Architecture 3. Interfacing 2. Programming

6. 1. Architecture • 1.1 The architecture of CPU • 1.2 Addressing modes

7. Internal Microprocessor Architecture EAX Accumulator EBX Base index DR ECX Count EDX Data ESP Stack pointer PR EBP Base pointer EDI Destination index IR ESI Source index

8. Internal Microprocessor Architecture Instruction pointer EIP Flags EFLAGS Special purpose registers Code Data Extra Stack Segment registers

9. 1. Architecture 2. Programming 3. Interfacing

10. 2. Programming • 2.1 Data movement instructions • 2.2 Arithmetic and logic instructions • 2.3 Program control instructions

11. program • .DATA • NUM DB 34H • TABLE DW 0012H,0033H,5687H • .CODE • .STARTUP • MOV BX,OFFSET TABLE • MOV AX,[BX+4] • MOV CX,88H • MUL CX • CMP AX,2000H • JAE NEXT • OUT AX,P8 • .EXIT • END

12. Application languages /application program High-level languages /compiler &interpretative program Assembly language/ assembly program Keyboard command and system primitive / operating system Machine instruction system/ CPU

13. 1. Architecture 2. Programming 3. Interfacing

14. 3. Interfacing • 1 8088/8086 hardware specifications • 2 Memory interface • 3 Basic I/O interface • 4 Interrupts • 5 Direct memory access and DMA-controlled I/O

15. 8088 hardware specifications

16. Memory interface

17. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

18. request • Familiar with • Addressing mode • programming with assembly language • interfacing of microprocessor

19. What we can do after learning this • Programming in assembly language in certain real-time system ,memory limited system or embedded system • Design interfacing and writing drivers

20. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

21. Reference Books • 汇编语言 • 王爽主编 • 微型计算机原理及应用 • 周明德 编著 清华大学出版社 • IBM-PC汇编语言程序设计 • 沈美明主编，清华大学出版社 • The 80x86 IBM PC and Compatible Computers (Volumes I & II): Assembly Language, Design, and Interfacing (4th Edition) • 清华大学出版社

22. Reference Lessons • Operating system 操作系统 • Computer architecture 计算机体系结构

23. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

24. Final Exam: 70% • Homework & Attendance:30% • This may be revised according to the needs.

25. Now let’s begin our exploration in microprocessor.

26. Chapter 1 Introduction to The Microprocessor and PC

27. Chapter 1: • What mankind has done before the microprocessor finally came out? 2. How many parts are there in the microprocessor ?

28. Chapter 1:Introduction to The Microprocessor and PC • 1.1 A Historical Background • 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor

29. 1.1 A Historical Background

30. 1.1 A Historical Background • A. The Mechanical Age • Abacus (Babylonians) • Analytical engine (Babbage, punched cards, 1823,failure)

31. 1.1 A Historical Background • B. The Electrical Age • Motor-driven adding machines, based on mechanical calculator (Hollerith, set up IBM-International Business Machines Corporation) • First electronic calculating machine Z3 (German, Konrad Zuse,1942) • The first general-purpose, programmable electronic computer ENIAC (University of Pennsylvania, 1946)

32. ENIAC • Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator [Computer] 电子数字积分计算机

33. ENIAC

34. ENIAC

35. ENIAC

36. Intel 4004

37. Intel 8088

38. Intel Petium

39. Intel Petium II

40. The Moore’s Law:the number of transistors integrated in a chip will double very 18 or 24 mouths

41. 1.1 A Historical Background • D. The Future of Microprocessors • The process speed will get more faster • The memory will get more large • The bulk will get more smaller • The width of data bus will increase • Architecture will get more efficient

42. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor

43. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • Question: If we use a computer to figure out an arithmetic expression, how can it finish this work? • 133*33+44*14

44. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • 133*33+44*14 • First input these numbers. • Do the calculating work. • Store The result • Output the result. • Control this processing.

45. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • 133*33+44*14 calculator Input device Output device memory data bus Control bus controller

46. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor Address bus Micro- processor Memory Data bus Interface Control bus External devices BUS definition p25

47. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • Bus: P25 • Address bus requests a memory location from the memory or an I/O location from the I/O devices. • Data bus transfers information between the microprocessor and its memory and I/O address space. • Control bus contains lines that select the memory or I/O and cause them to perform a read or write operation.

48. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor

49. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor A. Relationship Figure microprocessor ALU controller PC register internal memory I/O interface PC system I/O Devices & external memory system software application software power、panel、pc frame, etc

50. Chapter 2 Introduction to Number System & Data Formats