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Biomechanics Physics of Physical Activity

Biomechanics Physics of Physical Activity. Defining Biomechanics. The study of the structure and functions of biological systems by means of the methods of mechanics ( Hatze , 1974 ) Sport Biomechanics Tissue Biomechanics Comparative Biomechanics. Biomechanics: Issues of Interest.

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Biomechanics Physics of Physical Activity

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  1. BiomechanicsPhysics of Physical Activity

  2. Defining Biomechanics The study of the structure and functions of biological systems by means of the methods of mechanics (Hatze, 1974) Sport Biomechanics Tissue Biomechanics Comparative Biomechanics

  3. Biomechanics: Issues of Interest Performance Enhancement & Injury Prevention #1 Skill Analyses (Assessment) #2 Developing New Techniques #3 Incorporating New Equipment #4 Understanding Complex Behavior

  4. Evaluating the Performance of Physical Activity • #1 Qualitative • Involves obtaining visual or verbal information to assess performance • #2 Quantitative • Involves more precise measurement of variables that are thought to optimize or maximize the behavior of interest

  5. Types of Motion Linear Motion is caused by forces which act through a body’s center of mass. Angular motion is caused by forces that do not go through the center of mass

  6. Types of Motion: Let’s not forget being stable #1 Increasing the base of support #2 Increasing inertia #3 Decreasing the vertical distance between the center of mass and base of support

  7. Types of Motion: Equilibrium • #1 Static equilibrium • System is at rest • #2 Dynamic equilibrium • System is moving with constant • velocity

  8. Quantitative Analyses • Involves more precise measurement of variables that are thought to optimize or maximize the behavior of interest Such analysis allow us to describe motion in terms of: #1 Kinematics #2 Kinetics

  9. Evaluation of Kinematics • describing movements with respect to time and space most often using: • #1 High Speed Cinematography or • Videography • #2 Stroboscopy • #3 Optoelectric * • #4 Electrogoniometry • #5 Accelerometry

  10. Conducting a Kinematic Analysis #1 Setup Single or Multiple Camera Locations #2 Calibration Camera vs. Real Units #3 Record Data Film the Physical Activity of Interest #4 Record Data Analyze the Data

  11. Kinematic Analyses #1 Time: temporal characteristics of a performance, either of the total skill or its phases (seconds, milliseconds, etc) #2Position: x, y, z coordinate(s) of body segment (e.g., CofM) #2 Displacement: length and direction of the path an athlete takes from start to finish (inches, meters, cm, etc) #3 Velocity: displacement per unit of time (m/s) #4Acceleration: rate of change of velocity (m/s2)

  12. Kinematic Data Analysis: Position

  13. Kinematic Data Analysis: Velocity

  14. Using kinematicsPhysical Activity in space and time

  15. Kinematics: Remember this?

  16. Kinematics: Gait Analysis

  17. Assessing Coordination Practice

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