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US entry/military role - WWII

US entry/military role - WWII. Isolationism Pearl Harbor – Japan attacks/Pacific Fleet FDR – Yea!!!!!! Helping the British Germany or Japan? Hitler – help/worse Japan – island-hopping. “Arsenal of Democracy” Wal-Mart of Weapons Total War? – YES Economy Draft Rationing

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US entry/military role - WWII

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  1. US entry/military role - WWII • Isolationism • Pearl Harbor – Japan attacks/Pacific Fleet • FDR – Yea!!!!!! Helping the British • Germany or Japan? • Hitler – help/worse • Japan – island-hopping • “Arsenal of Democracy” • Wal-Mart of Weapons • Total War? – YES • Economy • Draft • Rationing -Atomic Bomb: Hiroshima, Nagasaki V/E Day – May 8, 1945 V/J Day – September 2, 1945

  2. Home Front • Total War • Economy • Draft • Rationing • Women - Factories • GI – Gov’t Issue • Jeep • Truman: Civil Rights • Desegregate military • Tuskegee Airmen

  3. Problems of reconversion • Torpedoes to Toothbrushes • Inflation - $$$ worth less/will not buy as much • Soldiers - $$$/health care/jobs??? • Who pays? • Government – collect taxes/borrow/debt?? • Recovery – slow • Nation – wants to fast!! • Baby Boom • Suburbs – out of cities • Vehicles/Auto – Detroit • Improved roads • Hotel/Restaurants

  4. Election 1948/Fair Deal • Truman – Democrat • Dewey – Republican • “Fair Deal” • Housing • Pensions/Benefits • Education • Cost?? • Gov’t Expenses • Truman Wins • Fair Deal • Expansion of government involvement

  5. McCarthyism • Joseph McCarthy • Senator – Wisconsin • Republican • Red Scare • Fear of Communism • Accusations – Govt/CIA/State Dept • Fear • Support - Protection • Senate Hearings • UnAmerican Activities Committee • PARANOIA • Hate Monger • US Army • Nervous Breakdown

  6. Korean War • Korean Peninsula • Divided after WWII – 38th Parallel June 1953 • North – Soviet Union • South – United Nations (prevent conflict) • Prevent spread of Communism • June 1950 – North invades – conflict • US – what to do? • World War III – United Nations – work together • Douglas MacArthur – Commander of UN forces • Success? China? Nukes?

  7. Election of 1952 • Truman? • Democrat – Adlai Stevenson • Republican – Dwight Eisenhower (WWII) • Peace/Strength – Anti-Communist • Social Stability • Tax Cuts – Investment • Military Strength • Business Development • Eisenhower wins!!!

  8. Norms/Challenges • What to do? Changes? • Suburbs – outside city limits – jobs – automobile • Interstate System • Gov’t spending • Jobs/Travel – leisure/people spend $$$ - revenue • Jazz Age? • Crew Cuts/Greasers • “Happy Days” • Drive-In/Science Fiction • Mobile population • Independent • Neighborhoods/same • Mass Production

  9. Cold War • At end WWII – USSR occupies Eastern Europe – “satellites” • Truman Doctrine – Containment (arms, $$) • Marshall Plan – European Recovery Program ($$$ - watch) • Germany – divided • East (Soviets) • West (US,GB,France) • Korea • Arms Race • Weapons • Nuclear Weapons – WMDs • Atomic Bomb – US(1945) – USSR (1949) • Hydrogen Bomb US (1952) – USSR (1954) • ICBMs – missiles • Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) • JFK v Khruschev

  10. Cold War • Space Race • USSR – Sputnik • USSR – 1st Man • USSR – 1st Woman • “Moon” – USA • Math/Science • JFK – “New Frontier” • NASA – Gov’t $$$$ • Vietnam War • Communism (17th Parallel) • North – Chinese • South – Dictatorship • 1954: US (Eisenhower) • Domino Theory • Ike/JFK/LBJ/Nixon • Vietnamization

  11. Cold War • End of Cold War • US/USSR – friends? • Nuclear weapons? • USSR – Afghanistan (1979) • Carter – Olympics • 1980 Moscow – boycott • Reagan – “Evil Empire” • “Star Wars Program” • 1984 Los Angeles - boycott • 1991 – USSR collapses • USA! USA! USA!

  12. Civil Rights • Individual rights privileges regardless of race, gender, etc • 14th Amendment • Truman – desegregation of military • Brown v Bd of Education (1954) • “Separate but Equal” • Enforcement? • Eisenhower – Little Rock, AR • Forced desegregation of schools – Private schools • MLK, JR – equals – Voting Rights Act (LBJ) • “Bombingham”

  13. Great Society • LBJ • Change – poverty/equality/ education/ transportation - $$$ • Taxes • Welfare – gov’t regulation • Can we make everyone “equal”? • Vietnam • Popular? • Counterculture – College Protests – Woodstock – social rebellion - conflict

  14. Election of 1968 • LBJ – run? • Vietnam – TET Offensive • Democrats – Robert Kennedy, (MLK, Jr), • Hubert Humphrey – VP • Republicans – Nixon – VP/Eisenhower • Conservative – Vietnam, Great Society, stability • Nixon landslide • Sends more troops – brings them home

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