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GEOGRAPHY

GEOGRAPHY. Semester Final Review. Globes. Three-dimensional representation of the earth Disadvantage, globes are not easily portable. Topographic Map. A representation of natural and man-made features on the earth. Hemisphere. Each half of the globe

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GEOGRAPHY

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  1. GEOGRAPHY Semester Final Review

  2. Globes • Three-dimensional representation of the earth • Disadvantage, globes are not easily portable

  3. Topographic Map • A representation of natural and man-made features on the earth.

  4. Hemisphere • Each half of the globe • Earth divided into Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western Hemispheres

  5. Latitude • Imaginary lines that run E to W • Includes the Equator

  6. Tsunami • Giant wave • Caused by earthquakes, underwater landslides etc.

  7. Plate Tectonics • Pieces of earths crust that float on magma • Interaction of plates is what shapes the earth

  8. Mechanical Weathering • Process that breaks rock into smaller pieces • Ice crystals, plant roots, drilling are all examples

  9. Glacier • Large, long lasting mass of ice • Glaciation: changing of landforms by slow moving glaciers

  10. Greenhouse Effect • Layer of gasses created by the burning of fossil fuels, traps heated air. • Cause of warming trends

  11. Deciduous • Broadleaf trees • ie. Maple or Oak

  12. Diffusion • Spread of new ideas • Resources like the television and internet help to spread new ideas

  13. Democracy Citizens hold political power, either directly or through elected reps.

  14. Central Business District (CBD) • Core of the city, almost always based on commercial activity • Land is very expensive

  15. St. Lawrence Seaway North America’s most important deep water shipping route Includes the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway

  16. Andes Mountains • Mountain range that stretches from: • North America (Rockies) to • Central America (Sierra Madre) to • South America (Andes)

  17. Cerrado: (Brazil) Savannas, flat terrain, moderate rainfall, suitable for farming

  18. Rainforests • Dense forests made up of different species of trees • Tropical Wet Climate Zone • Ex: Amazon

  19. Slash and burn technique • Vegetation cut, burned, ash acts as fertilizer for crops • Negative: destruction of rainforest

  20. North Atlantic Drift Warm water flows near Europe’s West Coast

  21. Polders Process that reclaim land by diking and draining

  22. Chernozem • Black soil • One of the most fertile soils on the planet • Located in Russia

  23. Continentally Effect of distance on climate

  24. Taiga • South of tundra • Largest forest on earth • primarily coniferous trees (needles- cone bearing)

  25. Ural Mountains • Separate Northern European and Western Siberian Plains from each other • Recognized as divider of Europe and Asia

  26. Volga river • Longest river in Europe flows into Caspian Sea • 60% of Russia’s river traffic

  27. Lake Baikal • Deepest lake in the world (1+ miles deep) • North to South 400 mi. long • Holds 20% of worlds fresh water

  28. Escarpment Steep slope with a flat plateau

  29. Sahara • Largest desert in world. • Temp. H: 136.4° (day), • Below freezing at night

  30. Aquifers • Underground stores of H²O. • Known as an oasis when they reach surface

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