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Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology. Chapter 1 Bio 160. Anatomy & Physiology. Anatomy – study of structure (includes many levels of organization).

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Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 Bio 160

  2. Anatomy & Physiology • Anatomy – study of structure (includes many levels of organization) • Physiology - study of function of body parts (each structure is custom-modeled to carry out a particular function - structure of a part often determines the function (ex. nose lined with hairs to perform filtering function))

  3. Levels of Organization • Atom • Molecule • Macromolecule • Organelle • Cell

  4. Levels of Organization • Tissue • Organ • Organ System • Organism

  5. Requirements of Organisms • Water • Food • Oxygen • Heat • Pressure

  6. Homeostasis • Homeostasis - maintain stable (constant) internal environment Receptor – senses change in internal environment Set point – range that a particular value should be within Effector – responds to change internal environment

  7. Homeostasis Negative feedback mechanisms are primary mechanism of control of homeostasis • Negative Feedback - response (effector) reverses stimulus (receptor)

  8. Homeostasis • Positive Feedback - response enhances (intensifies) stimulus only 2 good examples: labor contractions and blood clotting

  9. Homeostasis • Systems that control homeostasis • Nervous (fast) • Endocrine (slower) – uses hormones

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