1 / 13

Taxonomy & Macroevolution

Taxonomy & Macroevolution. Macroevolution refers to the major evolutionary trends. Major phenotypic changes such as wings with feather, legs, the opposable thumb changes are usually based on a preceding structure or form (lungs from swim bladders)

clinton
Download Presentation

Taxonomy & Macroevolution

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Taxonomy &Macroevolution

  2. Macroevolution refers to the major evolutionary trends • Major phenotypic changes such as wings with feather, legs, the opposable thumb • changes are usually based on a preceding structure or form (lungs from swim bladders) • read about regulatory genes, rates of growth and timing on page 340

  3. Adaptive radiation • Diversification allows an organism to fill a variety of ecological roles (niches) • Diversification may result in speciation • Adaptive zone = ecological niche

  4. Extinction • Background extinction • Mass extinction • Extirpation • Extinction vortex • Minimum viable population

  5. Evolutionary change • Punctuated equilibrium • gradualism

  6. Taxonomy • Scientific classification of living things • everything is classified, even things that died a long time ago…(missing link)

  7. Taxons • Kingdom (Animalia) • Phylum (Chordata) • Class (Mammalia) • Order (Carnivora) • Family (Felidae) • Genus (Felis) • Specific epithet (Catus)

  8. Carnivore Felidae Felis Catus Primates Hominidae Homo Sapiens AnimaliaChordataMammalia

  9. AnimaliaChordataMammalia • Order Primate Primate Primate • Family Hominidae Pongidae Lasiopygidae • Genus Homo Pan Macaca • Spc Epi sapiens troglodytes mulatta • Taxon Human Chimpanzee Rhesus Mnk

  10. 5 Kingdoms • Prokaryote (sometimes called monerans) • Protista (protozo, algae, slime molds) • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia

  11. Systematics • Classification of organisms into groups determined by evolutionary relationship • evolutionary history of a species (phylogeny) • Monophyletic - common ancestor (clade) • Polyphyletic - not a common ancestor

  12. Systematics • Ancestral characters - traits shared with ancestors • Derived characters - traits not shared with ancestors • see discussion of importance of traits on p 368

  13. 3 approaches to taxonomy • Phenetics - based on phenotypic traits (why are dolphins more closely related to humans than to fish?) • Cladistics - stresses phylogeny (evolutionary history, common ancestry) • Classic taxonomy - phylogenetic tree

More Related