Midterm Thursday (March 8) 50 Multiple Choice Questions From Class 1 Through Today’s Class

1. Midterm Thursday (March 8)50 Multiple Choice QuestionsFrom Class 1 Through Today’s Class

2. SAMPLE QUESTIONS Darwin considered emotions to be VESTIGIAL. Evidence in support of this is: A. ___ People show a range of basic emotions. B. ___ Damage to emotions centers harms judgment. C. ___ Emotions are mediated by the limbic system. D. ___ Use of emotive hand gestures when on the phone. E. ___ None of the above X

3. SAMPLE QUESTIONS Removal of a monkey's limbic system leads the monkey to: A. ___ Instant death B. ___ Extreme caution and wariness C. ___ Eating dangerous and disgusting objects D. ___ Clinging to a terrycloth mother E. ___ All of the above X

4. Emotional Intelligence and Emotions as Information Class 13

5. Emotions and the Human Dilemma We know enough to know we don’t know enough. We need to act in order to survive   Acting requires making choices   Best choices based on complete information   We rarely have complete information   Yet we must chose anyway Emotions: 1. Help us set priorities 2. Give us cues to action when we lack vital information

6. What Is Emotional Intelligence? Ability to recognize others’ emotions Ability to recognize one’s own emotions Ability to appropriately express own emotions Ability to manage one’s own emotions Ability to manage other’s emotions Salovey and Meyer Definition: The ability to monitor one’s own and other’s feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions.

7. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IS RELEVANT TO WHAT PROFESSIONS?

8. Emotional EQ and Leadership: FDR Fireside Chats https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iipnhLTdh-0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIJm8Hp4Xe0

9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_LncVnecLA We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be,we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender,

10. MSCEIT Test of Emotional Intelligence Is NOT strongly related to IQ Is a reliable measure -- Time 1 scores resemble Time 2 scores Predicts: Helping Academic performance Deviancy (negatively)

12. Verbal Items From MSCEIT • MATCHING MOODS WITH EVENTS/TASKS What mood(s) might be helpful to feel when following a very complicated cooking recipe? a. Tension b. Sorry c. Neutral mood • UNDERSTANDING OTHERS’ EMOTIONS Marjorie felt more and more ashamed, and began to feel worthless. She then felt: a. Overwhelmed b. Depressed c. ashamed d. Self-conscious • TRANSLATING FROM SENSORY TO EMOTIONAL DOMAINS Imagine you are feeling cold, slow, and sharp. This is like? a. Challenged b. Isolated c. Surprised

14. READING THE MIND IN THE EYES TEST http://socialintelligence.labinthewild.org/mite/ Simon Baron-Cohen: The Essential Difference: Men, Women, and the Extreme Male Brain Who is Simon Baron-Cohen's brother?

15. Central Domains of Emotional Intelligence 1. Expressing and Understanding own emotions 2. Understanding others' emotions 3. Regulating own emotions

16. Emotionally-Intelligent Communication: Referential Activity (RA) RA is language that helps convey emotions and emotional experiences Transfers information from the emotional/sensory realm to the abstract/linguistic realm. * Imagistic: Boats anchored in the open bay rocked and strained like troubled men tossing through a restless sleep. * Concrete:Her face was set, eyes focused on the lead runner, deep lines above knit brows, cheek bones sharp under taut skin.  * Sensory:Her voice, soft and calm, was like acool morning breeze that feathered the back of his neck.

17. Examples of High RA vs. Low RA Low RA:I went to the cafeteria. The salsa was a gustatory success. The burritos, however, were unpalatable, odious, distasteful. High RA: I Went to the cafeteria—you could smell the salsa before you got there, tangy oniony smell that tickles the back of your nose and makes your eyes blink. But the burritos were like rotting beached whales; beans and rice oozing out the side like spilled guts and a smell like last week’s laundry. * High RA leads to better therapy outcomes. * High RA speech in therapy precedes breakthroughs

18. CARAT TestCommunication of Affect Receiving Ability Test Purpose of Test: To gauge sensitivity to others’ non-verbal emotions. Format: 1. Subject A watches slides: scenic, grotesque, sexual, sad. 2. Subject B watches Subject A’s face as Subject A views slides.  3. Test: How well can Subject B guess the kind of slide Subject A is viewing, based only on Subject A’s facial expressions. CARAT test shows: 1. Artists better than scientists  2. Women better than men

19. CARAT TEST Subject 2: Observes Subject 1 Subject 1: Observes pictures Guesses which image Subject 1 sees, based on Sub 1 expression.

20. Meta-Experience of Mood Defined: Knowing not only what mood you are in, but what to expect of that mood, how to use that mood, and how to manage that mood. Why valuable to know these things?  a. Knowing time course of moods can stop them from being too influential (i.e., panic attack)  b. Can use tactics to prolong positive moods  c. Can learn when and how to listen to own emotional signals

21. Affect as Information Gerald Clore Emotions are persuasive messages from the self to the self. Has something important occurred? Is an event, object, or person good or bad? How urgent is the need to respond, react?

22. Attending to One’s Own Emotions A woman is waiting for an elevator, and when the doors open she sees a man inside who causes her apprehension. Since she is not usually afraid, it may be the late hour, his size, the way he looks at her, the rate of attacks in the neighborhood, an article she read a year ago—it doesn’t matter why. The point is, she gets a feeling of fear. How does she respond to this survival signal? She suppresses it, telling herself: “I’m not going to live like that; I’m not going to insult this guy by letting the door close on his face.” When the fear doesn’t go away, she tells herself not to be so silly, and gets into the elevator. Now, which is sillier: waiting for the next elevator or getting into a soundproof steel chamber with a stranger she is afraid of?

23. Gift of Fear: Gavin De Becker Intuition as Survival Device: * Emotion is always in response to something * Emotion always has your best interest at heart Fear Doubt Humor Anxiety Hunches Wonder Apprehension Nagging feelings Curiosity Suspicion Persistent thoughts Hesitation Note: De Becker developed MOSIAC threat assessment system, to protect Supreme Court Justices

24. Kelly’s Travail • Comes home with groceries; door to building open • Groceries spill; cans roll down stairs; male voice “I got this!” • Friendly nice looking stranger helps with groceries, offers to bring into kitchen. Kelly is apprehensive. “Oh come on! Just put all this stuff in kitchen then I’m gone. I promise.” • Kelly is raped • “OK, I’m leaving now—just stay here” • Turns on radio loud; shuts window; goes to kitchen • Kelly feels voice inside saying: GET OUT NOW • Wraps herself in a sheet, follows behind attacker, runs out door to neighbors • Learns later of rape/murders in neighborhood.

25. De Becker: Gift of Fear Kelly's travail: What signal does she FAIL to attend to? Why? What signal does she finally attend to? Why? Why do people discard danger signals? Dilemma: external cues do not justify feeling. Social desirability, politeness norms Dependence on experts What might determine who listens to own emotions? De Becker meets St. Exupery: a. How do emotions and cognition interact? b. Which informs which? In what order?

27. Gut Feelings in the Desert:Antoine De Saint Exupery and the Dragon Fly I shaved carefully in a cracked mirror. From time to time I went to the door and looked at the naked sand. … I was thoughtful. … For the moment everything was all right. But I heard something sizzling. It was a dragonfly knocking against the lamp. Why it was I cannot say, but I felt a twinge in my heart. I went outdoors and looked round. The air was pure. … Over the desert reigned a vast silence as of a house in order. But here were a green butterfly and two dragonflies knocking against my lamp. Again I felt a dull ache which might as easily have been joy as fear, but came up from the depths of me.

28. Saint Exupery in the Desert, continued Something was calling to me from a great distance. Was it instinct? Once again I went out. The wind had died down completely. The air was still cool. But I had received a warning. I guessed, I believed I could guess, what I was expecting. I climbed a dune and sat down face to the east. If I was right, the thing would not be long in coming. What were they after here, those dragonflies, hundreds of miles from their oases inland?

29. Saint Exupery in the Desert Wreckage thrown up upon the beach bears witness to a storm at sea. Even so did these insects declare to me that a sand storm was on the way, a storm out of the east that had blown them out of their oases. Solemnly, for it was fraught with danger, the east wind rose. … But that was not what excited. What filled me with a barbaric joy was …that I had been able to read the anger of the desert in the beating wings of a dragonfly. St. Exupery, A. (1939). Wind, sand, and stars.

30. St. Exupery Experience Relates to Discrepancy Theory Discrepancy Theory Soft drink, competes with Pepsi COKE Mighty tree, sheds acorns OAK George Mandler Richard Lazarus VIOLATION OF SCHEMAS --> EMOTION Sahara does not support life = Schema Dragon fly in desert = Discrepancy Green butterfly in desert = Discrepancy “Dull ache” = Emotion Short funny story, ends with punch line JOKE Where there is fire, there is ______. SMOKE Yellow part of egg _____. Yolk GOTCHA!

31. Does Self Esteem Influence Use of Emotions as Information? (Harber, 2005) Challenge of using emotions as information What it the temp. today? Thermometer Are Toyota Camry’s safe cars? Consumers’ Reports Should I get into this elevator with this weird looking guy inside it? Emotions, gut

32. Attributes of Credible Persuader (Hovland, 1954) Moral Intelligent Attractive Stable Likeable Competent Elements of High Self Esteem (Baumeister, 1998) Moral Intelligent Attractive Stable Likeable Competent The Self as Credible Persuader

33. Testing Whether Self-Esteem Determines use of Emotions as Information, Study 1 Subjects (60 females) listen to baby cries, of varying intensities. Subjects rate each cry for distress conveyed Subjects rate how upset the cries made them feel Subjects complete self-esteem measure

34. Effect of Own Upset on Cry Rating, as a Function of Self Esteem

35. Self Esteem Effects Use of Emotions as Information. So What? Why should we care if self esteem affects use of emotions as information? Important life choices: Who you date, marry What career path you chose Where you live Financial investments Whether to blow up the world

36. The Emotionally Intelligent Lt. Colonel Stanislav Petrov 1983: Soviet early-warning alarms--incoming US nuclear missile. Petrov decides: is warning real or error? "For 15 seconds in a state of shock" Petrov decides reports are false--doesn't announce alarm to high command. "I had a funny feeling in my gut: I didn't want to make a mistake. I made a decision and that was it." CIA Analyst: "Probably the most dangerous incident of 1980s."