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The Cell in Action

This lesson covers the processes of diffusion, osmosis, and active and passive transport in cells. Students will work in groups to research and create raps or rhythms about these processes.

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The Cell in Action

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  1. Today is Day 1 The Cell in Action OBJ 1: Explain the processes of diffusion & osmosis. OBJ 2: Compare active & passive transport OBJ 3: Explain how large particles get in and out of cells Homework: Quiz on Vocabulary terms (6 terms) from Section 1 (pages 34-37) on Monday. *Materials, Procedures, Variables and Trials due on 10/15

  2. To do: • Animal/ Plant cell lab • Jigsaw • Terms to know! • Demonstration – I need your help!

  3. Jigsaw / Perform it! • You will be put into a group. Your group will research your assigned process in which a cell exchanges with the environment. • You may use your book and a computer. • Once you finished with your research, write a rhythm or rap about your process. (Remember: what is involved? What types of particles? Do you need energy?) • You need to be ready to perform THIS period! • Your rap/ rhythm will be considered for a class work grade.

  4. Diffusion • Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration • Can occur across membranes or outside cells • Do not need energy

  5. Osmosis • The diffusion of water through the cell membrane

  6. Passive Transport • Diffusion of particles through proteins • (From High to Low)

  7. Active Transport • Movement of particles through proteins against the normal direction of diffusion. The cell must use energy (ATP) for this to happen.

  8. Endocytosis • The cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses itin a vesicle • How large particles can be brought into cells

  9. Exocytosis • When large particles must be removed from the cell • Vesicles are formed at the ER or GB and carry the particles to the cell membrane

  10. Crossing Membranes Demonstration Red Rover anyone?

  11. Today is Day 2 The Cell in Action OBJ 1: Explain the processes of diffusion & osmosis. OBJ 2: Compare active & passive transport OBJ 3: Explain how large particles get in and out of cells Warm-up: none Homework: Quiz on Vocabulary terms (6 terms) from Section 1 (pages 34-37) on Monday. *SF stuff

  12. To do: • Jigsaw • Demonstration – I need your help!

  13. Jigsaw / Perform it! • You will be put into a group. Your group will research your assigned process in which a cell exchanges with the environment. • You may use your book and a computer. • Once you finished with your research, write a rhythm or rap about your process. (Remember: what is involved? What types of particles? Do you need energy?) • You need to be ready to perform THIS period! • Your rap/ rhythm will be considered for a class work grade.

  14. Terms/ Groups • Group 1: osmosis • Group 2: endocytosis • Group 3: active transport • Group 4: exocytosis

  15. Today is Day 3 The Cell in Action OBJ 1: Explain the processes of diffusion & osmosis. OBJ 2: Compare active & passive transport OBJ 3: Explain how large particles get in and out of cells Warm-up: TURN in Bibliography & Hypothesis . Homework: Review notes. Quiz on Monday. *SF stuff

  16. To Do… • Finish Jigsaw • Diffusion DEMO (perfume/ food coloring) • Slides: diffusion (TAKE GOOD NOTES!) • http://science-class.net/PowerPoints/Diffusion_osmosis_files/frame.htm • http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab1/intro.html • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1903 • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP11003

  17. Jigsaw / Perform it! • You will be put into a group. Your group will research your assigned process in which a cell exchanges with the environment. • You may use your book and a computer. • Once you finished with your research, write a rhythm or rap about your process. (Remember: what is involved? What types of particles? Do you need energy?) • You need to be ready to perform THIS period! • Your rap/ rhythm will be considered for a class work grade.

  18. Conclusion • What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

  19. Today is Day 4 The Cell in Action OBJ 1: Explain the processes of diffusion & osmosis. OBJ 2: Compare active & passive transport OBJ 3: Explain how large particles get in and out of cells Warm-up: Why did the particles in the graduated cylinder appear to move faster than those in the beaker? Homework: Review notes. Quiz on Monday. *SF stuff

  20. To Do… • Slides: diffusion (TAKE GOOD NOTES!) • http://science-class.net/PowerPoints/Diffusion_osmosis_files/frame.htm • http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab1/intro.html • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1903 • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP11003

  21. Conclusion • What type of exchange requires ATP?

  22. Today is Day 5 The Cell in Action OBJ 1: Explain the processes of diffusion & osmosis. OBJ 2: Compare active & passive transport OBJ 3: Explain how large particles get in and out of cells Warm-up: In your own words, describe endocytosis and exocytosis. Homework: Quiz on Monday. *SF stuff

  23. Conclusion To Do • DEMO • Slides: diffusion (TAKE GOOD NOTES!) • http://science-class.net/PowerPoints/Diffusion_osmosis_files/frame.htm • http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab1/intro.html • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1903 • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP11003 • Slide 22

  24. Today is Day 6 The Cell in Action OBJ 1: Explain the processes of diffusion & osmosis. OBJ 2: Compare active & passive transport OBJ 3: Explain how large particles get in and out of cells Warm-up: QUIZ- right now! Homework: Review notes. *SF stuff

  25. To Do • QUIZ • DEMO • Slides: diffusion (TAKE GOOD NOTES!) • http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab1/intro.html • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1903 • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP11003

  26. Today is Day 7 The Cell in Action OBJ 1-3. See previous slides. OBJ 4: Describe photosynthesis OBJ 5: Compare cellular respiration with fermentation. Homework: Read and take notes on pages 38-41 *SF stuff

  27. To Do • Let’s review: • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1903 • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP11003 • Endocytosis/ Exocytosis: • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120068/bio02.swf::Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis • YouTube: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=y31DlJ6uGgE&feature=endscreen • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSS3EtKAzYc&NR=1&feature=endscreen • Exit ticket: Section Review on page 37 (check)

  28. Today is Day 8 The Cell in Action OBJ 1-3. See previous slides. OBJ 4: Describe photosynthesis OBJ 5: Compare cellular respiration with fermentation. Warm-up: next slide Homework: Read and take notes on pages 38-41

  29. Why do cells need energy? • To carry out the chemical activities that all cells to live, grow, and reproduce.

  30. From Cell to Sun • Photosynthesis: the process by which plants capture light from the sun and convert it into sugar

  31. Absorbingthe Sun Chlorophyll- the main pigment that absorbs light energy (why plants are green). Found in chloroplasts.

  32. Why is photosynthesis important? • Food that plants make supplies them with energy and also becomes a source of energy for organisms that eat plants. • Without plants, consumers could not live!

  33. Photosynthesis Cards • An arrow • 6CO2 • 6H2O • Light Energy • C6H12O6 • 6O2

  34. Photosynthesis Equation 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Plants use energy to take in Carbon Dioxide and water to produce food (glucose ... A simple carbohydrate) and oxygen This sugar can now be stored as USABLE energy

  35. Photosynthesis/ Respiration • C6H12O6 + 6O26CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) • Energy stored as ATP • Any inital energy release is in the form of heat

  36. Okay now we have food. . . • Plants have to make their food, we buy, find, hunt our food. (Remember we are consumers) • Now that we have food, our cells can take that food to make usable energy by . . . • Cellular Respiration: The process of producing ATP in the cell from oxygen and glucose; releases carbon dioxide & water.

  37. Respiration • Means “breathing” … breathing supplies your cells with oxygen so your cells can perform cellular respiration • Obtain energy from food • Takes place in mitochondria

  38. But what if there’s no Oxygen • Fermentation: the breakdown of sugars to make ATP in the absence of oxygen • (not as much ATP, partial breakdown of sugar) • (Sometimes your muscles don’t get enough O2….cramping! Runner’s stitch!

  39. 2 types of fermentation • Lactic Acid- (muscles) . . . • Alcohol- occurs in yeast & bacteria. Yeast cells make carbon dioxide and alcohol during the fermentation of sugar.

  40. The Cell in Action Today is Day 9 The Cell in Action OBJ 6: Explain how cells produce more cells. OBJ 7: Discuss the importance of mitosis OBJ 8: Explain how cell division differs in animals and plants. Warm-up: How are photosynthesis and respiration related? Homework: Complete Section Review on text pages 37 and 41

  41. Clarification • HOW would each of the following materials get through a cell membrane • Pure Water = osmosis; simple diffusion • Sugar entering a cell that already contains a high concentration of particles = according to your text: active transport b/c particles are going from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration • Sugar entering a cell that has a low concentration of particles = Question: can we assume that there is a higher concentration outside of the cell? If “yes”, passive transport; if “no”, diffusion • A large protein = endocytosis or exocytosis

  42. Active vs. Passive Transport • Passive Transport: • Simple diffusion and osmosis = DOES not require energy (back and forth) • Channel diffusion= involves channel proteins where material moves through an open, aqueous pore; can be regulated; ions and charged particles can pass through the open pore. • Facilitated (Pumps) diffusion =uses proteins; can occur back and forth http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_facilitated_diffusion_works.html • Active Transport: • Primary active transport = directly uses ATP • Secondary active transport = does not directly use ATP.  It takes advantage of a previously existing concentration gradient (via carriers).

  43. A Different Look

  44. To Do: • Notes on photosynthesis (slides 31- 42) • Begin “The Cell Cycle”

  45. The Cell Cycle • Includes the period of mitosis plus the time in between • Usually takes about 18-24 hours in mammals (some fly embryos can divide their cells in 8 minutes!) http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_works.html • Explain why fermentation occurs in your muscles when you all of a sudden get a cramp while running. Conclusion

  46. Today is Day 9/10 Cell Cycle &Mitosis Cell Cycle & Mitosis OBJ 1-8: See above. Warm-up: Check SR on 37 and 41. In your own words, explain what the below statement means: “Biology is the only science in which multiplication means the same thing as division.” Homework: Read/take notes/ Review pages 42-45. Complete the Section Review. HINT: review photosynthesis and respiration equations. To Do: continue slides 42 & 48

  47. The Cell Cycle • Includes the period of mitosis plus the time in between (Interphase) • Usually takes about 18-24 hours in mammals (some fly embryos can divide their cells in 8 minutes!) http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_works.html

  48. Take Note • Read page 42-45. • Purpose for reading: To explain how cells produce more cells • Task1: Under each heading, write the main idea and 2-3 supporting facts. • Task 2: Complete the section review on page 45.

  49. Reproduction • Asexual-genetic material from 1 parent • Ex: copy their own genetic material and split in two • Sexual-genetic material from 2 parents • Ex: sperm and egg

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