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Introduction to Communication. Lecture 5: Verbal Messages. Principles of Verbal Messages. Messages are: Denotative and connotative Snarl words Purr words Vary in Abstraction American films and Indian films. Principles of Verbal Messages (Cont’). Vary in Directedness
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Introduction to Communication Lecture 5: Verbal Messages
Principles of Verbal Messages • Messages are: • Denotative and connotative • Snarl words • Purr words • Vary in Abstraction • American films and Indian films
Principles of Verbal Messages (Cont’) • Vary in Directedness • 1a. I am so bored, I have nothing to do tonight • 2a. I’d like to go to movies. Would like to come? • Indirect speech • Direct speech • Advantages and disadvantages indirect messages: (E.g) • Allow you to express a desire without insulting or offending anyone (advantage) • Miscommunication can be happened (Disadvantage)
Principles of Verbal Messages (Cont’) • Vary in Politeness • I say “please” when asking someone to do something • I make an effort to make sure that other people are not embarrassed • I ask people I call if it’s a good time to talk • I will raise my voice to take charge of the conversation • I give the speaker cues to show that I’m listening and interested
Principles of Verbal Messages (Cont’) • Culturally Influenced • The maxim of quality: say what you know or assume to be true, and do not say what you know to be false • The maxim of relation: Talk about what is relevant to the conversation • The maxim of manner: Be clear, avoid ambiguities, be relatively brief, and organize your thoughts into a meaningful pattern • The maxim of quantity: Be as informative as necessary to communicate the information
Principles of Verbal Messages (Cont’) • Meanings are in People • Can create a conflict (e.g)
Disconfirmation and Confirmation • Disconfirmation is a communication pattern in which we ignore someone’s presence as well as that person’s communication (rejection) • Confirmation is opposite disconfirmation, but also indicate your acceptance of this person
Disconfirmation and Confirmation • Categorize of disconfirmation and confirmation • Sexism • Heterosexism • Racism • The korean doctor, the africanamericanmathematicans • Ageism (discrimination based on age) • Cultural Identifier (as the best way to develop nonsexism, nonheterosexism, and so forth)
Using Verbal Messages Effectively • Messages Symbolize reality • Intentional orientation (to view based on the way of talking) • Extensional orientation (to view based on people object, and events) • Messages express both facts and inferences • Result or output • Messages can obscure distinctions (stereotyping)
