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You should be able to: Define osmosis & diffusion. Determine why do we need to regulate osmosis.

Ch.4 Cell Transport. You should be able to: Define osmosis & diffusion. Determine why do we need to regulate osmosis. Identify what controls osmosis. Distinguish between a turgid cell, flaccid cell, and plasmolyzed cell. Define “ Iso ”, “hypo”, and “hyper”.

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You should be able to: Define osmosis & diffusion. Determine why do we need to regulate osmosis.

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  1. Ch.4 Cell Transport • You should be able to: • Define osmosis & diffusion. • Determine why do we need to regulate osmosis. • Identify what controls osmosis. • Distinguish between a turgid cell, flaccid cell, and plasmolyzed cell. • Define “Iso”, “hypo”, and “hyper”. • Describe the water move during passive transport • Know which type of passive transport requires a protein

  2. Diffusion and Osmosis What is osmosis? • The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane What is diffusion? - molecules moving from a high to low concentration…also called “going down the concentration gradient.” Why do we need to regulate osmosis? • To maintain homeostasis because the plasma membrane is naturally permeable to water

  3. Osmosis How long does water diffuse in a solution? - Until it is evenly distribution, or reaches equilibrium What controls osmosis? • The concentration gradient What is a concentration gradient? • The unequal distribution of particles

  4. Osmosis in Plant & Bacterial Cells • Plant cells have turgor pressure. Since they have a cell wall & central vacuole that stores extra water, there is water pressure inside a cell that pushes against the cell wall depending on how much water is inside the central vacuole.

  5. Types of Solutions Remember: Salt Sucks • Isotonic Solution: • "ISO" means equal • the concentration of solute is the same inside and outside the cell

  6. Types of Solutions Hypotonic Solution: • "HYPO" means less • the concentration of solute is higher inside the cell than outside the cell

  7. Types of Solution Hypertonic Solution • "HYPER" means more • The concentration of solute is higher outside the cell than inside the cell

  8. Isotonic Solution • SOLUTE: equal inside & outside the cell • WATER: moves in both directions • ANIMAL CELLS: stays the same • PLANT CELLS: slightly firm • WHICH CELL LIKES IT BEST: Animal

  9. Hypotonic Solutions • SOLUTE: more inside the cell • WATER: enters the cell • ANIMAL CELLS: swells • PLANT CELLS: very firm • WHICH CELL LIKES IT BEST: Plant

  10. Hypertonic Solution • SOLUTE: more outside the cell • WATER: leaves the cell • ANIMAL CELLS: shrinks • PLANT CELLS: wilts • WHICH CELL LIKES IT BEST: they both HATE it!!!!!!!

  11. Passive Transport: • Passive Transport –molecules moving from a high to low concentration & this DOES NOT REQUIRE ENERGY..also called “going down the concentration gradient” • What type of diffusion needs the help of proteins for materials to move through the membrane? Facilitated diffusion

  12. Types of Transport Proteins • Channel Proteins- form channels that allow specific molecules to flow through. • Carrier Proteins- change shape to allow a substance to pass through the plasma membrane.

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