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INVESTIGATIONS IN CARDIOLOGY

INTRODUCTION. Investigations in cardiology are tests or procedures carried out either at the bedside or in the laboratories for evaluation of cardiovascular diseases . OBJECTIVES OF INVESTIGATION IN CARDIOLOGY. To establish the diagnosisTo determine the aetiologyTo define the risk factorsTo det

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INVESTIGATIONS IN CARDIOLOGY

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    1. by DR. O. OGUNLADE, MBChB, FWACP Consultant Cardiologist/Lecturer Department of Physiological Sciences OAU, Ile-Ife INVESTIGATIONS IN CARDIOLOGY

    2. INTRODUCTION Investigations in cardiology are tests or procedures carried out either at the bedside or in the laboratories for evaluation of cardiovascular diseases

    3. OBJECTIVES OF INVESTIGATION IN CARDIOLOGY To establish the diagnosis To determine the aetiology To define the risk factors To detect the complications To monitor the disease progression To evaluate associated co-morbidity To make prognosis

    4. LIST OF INVESTIGATIONS IN CARDIOLOGY Major Investigations Chest X-Ray Electrocardiogram Electrophysiological Studies Echocardiography ( Cardiac Ultrasonography) Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMRI) Cardiac Catheterization Coronary arteriography Cardiac Enzymes and Troponins Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Ancillary Investigations Lipid Profiles Blood Sugar Electrolyte, Urea and Creatinine (E&U)

    5. Non-Invasive versus Invasive Investigations Non-invasive investigations: procedures or tests limited to the body surface e.g ECG, transthoracic echocardiography Invasive investigations : procedures or tests that involves penetration of the vascular system or body tissues e.g Electrophysiological studies, cardiac catheterization, transoesophageal echocardiography, angiography

    6. CHEST X-RAY Utilizes ionization radiation called X-Ray for cardiac evaluation It mainly useful in the study of cardiac structure and changes in the pulmonary circulation which may be of cardiac origin

    7. Chest X-ray

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