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Andrew Jackson • Born in Poverty, Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) had become a wealthy Tennessee lawyer and rising young politician by 1812, when war broke out between the U.S. and Britain. His leadership in that conflict earned him national fame as a military hero. After narrowly loosing to John Q. Adams, the contentious 1824 presidential election, Jackson returned four years later to win redemption, soundly defeating Adams and becoming the nations seventh president.
Trail Of Tears Many whites were ashamed over the treatment of Indians and sent protests to Washington D.C. Still, the work of removal continued. In 1836, thousands of Creek Indians who refused to leave Alabama were rounded up and marched west in handcuffs. Two years later, under President Martin van Buren, more than 17,000 Cherokees were forced from their homes in Georgia and herded west by Federal troops. 4,000 of these Indians died during the long walk to Indian territory, which took place in the winter. Those who survived remember that terrible journey as the Trail Of Tears. A soldier who took part in the Cherokee removal called it “The cruelest work I ever knew.”
Indian Removal Act • In 1830 Congress, urged on by president Andrew Jackson, passed the Indian Removal Act which gave the federal government the power to relocate any Native-Americans in the east to territory that was west of the Mississippi River. From 1814 to 1824, Jackson was instrumental in negotiating nine out of eleven treaties which divested the southern tribes of their eastern lands in exchange for lands in the west. The tribes agreed to the treaties for strategic reasons. They wanted to appease the government in the hopes of retaining some of their land, and they wanted to protect themselves from white harassment. As a result of the treaties, the United States gained control over three-quarters of Alabama and Florida, as well as parts of Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Kentucky and North Carolina. This was a period of voluntary Indian migration, however, and only a small number of Creeks, Cherokee and Choctaws actually moved to the new lands.
Natives Perspective • The removal of American Indian tribes from lands east of the Mississippi River to what is now the state of Oklahoma is one of the tragic episodes in American history. Early treaties signed by American agents and representatives of Indian tribes guaranteed peace and the integrity of Indian territories, primarily to assure that the lucrative fur trade would continue without interruption. American settlers' hunger for Indian land, however, led to violent conflict in many cases, and succeeding treaties generally compelled tribes to cede large areas to the United States government. They were forced and pressured to be removed from southern states and they were moved off of their land.
Current conditions of natives • Natives now live in the united states also, In many states as well as Americans. The united states are a free country and we are welcome to live in it.
Current conditions of Americans • Americans now live in the united states. We have also allowed natives to live in the united states also. We are a free country.
Cites • History Alive Textbook • www.Ushistory.org • www.pbs.org • www.history.com
