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U.S. History

U.S. History. Chapter 8 Section 4 “Roosevelt’s Square Deal” 2.5, 3.5, 3.8, 9.3 Booker T. Washington at White House Dinner. Theodore Roosevelt : 1901: Became President after William McKinley Assasinated (Leon Czolgocz)

jael-knapp
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U.S. History

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  1. U.S. History Chapter 8 Section 4 “Roosevelt’s Square Deal” 2.5, 3.5, 3.8, 9.3 Booker T. Washington at White House Dinner

  2. Theodore Roosevelt: 1901: Became President after William McKinley Assasinated (Leon Czolgocz) Square Deal: TR’s Program: Keep the wealthy from taking advantage of the rest -Did not believe in helping the lazy or making everyone rich “Every man shall have a square deal…no less…no more” Roosevelt Shapes the Modern Presidency

  3. Trustbusting and Regulating Industry • Roosevelt changed the way that Government dealt with business disputes • 1902: Coal Miners Strike: TR Threatened to send troops in if strike not over quickly • Hepburn Act: Strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) • 1904: Northern Securities v. U.S.: Case ruled the big railroad company an “illegal” trust • TR became known as a “Trustbuster” • *He did not mind “Good Trusts” (Fair) only disliked “Bad Trusts” (Unfair)

  4. 1906: Upton Sinclair wrote: The Jungle Meat Inspection Act: Gov’t began to inspect meat Pure Food and Drug Act (FDA): Banned impure food and “dishonest” medicine claims (Snake Oil Salesmen) Regulating Food and Drug Industries

  5. Government Manages the Environment • 1872: Yellowstone National Park Formed • 1890: Yosemite National Park • John Muir: Helped found Yosemite • Preserve: To leave “unused” • Conserve: “Use-smart” • Gifford Pinchot: Protect “some” land and use others. Then, protect “used” land and use “protected” land (Recycle) • National Reclamation Act: Gov’t Decides how wateris used (Dams…etc.)

  6. Roosevelt and Taft Differ • Roosevelt steps down after serving two terms • William Howard Taft: Backed by TR and won Presidency • Payne-Aldrich Tariff: Showed Taft’s weak “political” leadership • Taft hated ALL trusts and busted more than Roosevelt • 1911: Standard Oil “Busted” • Supported: “Rule of Reason” Large Monopolies ok as long as they do not try to drive out competition (I call it the “NIPSCO” rule)

  7. Taft: Fired Pinchot Roosevelt: Angry…ran against Taft New Nationalism: Business should serve country as well as self. Efficiency is key. ELECTION of 1912 Taft: Republican Roosevelt: Progressive: “Bull-Moose” Party *Republican Party Split *Democrat Woodrow Wilson Won Election Roosevelt Strikes Back

  8. U.S. History I Chapter 8 Section 5 “Woodrow Wilson”

  9. Election of 1912

  10. Wilson’s New Freedom • New Freedom: Prevent “strong from crushing weak” …But retain personal freedom from gov’t. • Lowered Tariffs • Sixteenth Amendment: Income Tax Amendment • Federal Reserve Act: Strengthened money supply • Federal Trade Commission (FTC)-Looked out for false advertising or improper labeling (Watchdog) • Clayton Anti-trust Act: Strengthened anti-trust laws • Workingman’s Compensation Act: Temporay help for disabled workers • Set railroad workers day at 8 hours

  11. 16th (Income Tax), 17th (Direct Election), 18th (Prohibition), 19th (Women’s Suffrage) Amendments Political Reform Dollar Strengthened Land Conservation Strong Federal Government “Levels” playing field (Business) Worker gains (Unions) Too much government? (Socialism) What about race issues? (One great failure) Do people “depend” on Government too much? Is it the governments, or American people’s job? Do reforms promote “laziness” or sense of “Entitlement” Legacy of Progressivism

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