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Dr. Pierre C. Sames, Senior Vice President Research and Rule Development

International marine environmental regulations Sustainable Sea Transport Workshop, 28-30 Nov. 2012, the University of the South Pacific, Suva. Dr. Pierre C. Sames, Senior Vice President Research and Rule Development. Shipping emissions – an overview.

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Dr. Pierre C. Sames, Senior Vice President Research and Rule Development

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  1. International marine environmental regulationsSustainable Sea Transport Workshop, 28-30 Nov. 2012, the University of the South Pacific, Suva Dr. Pierre C. Sames, Senior Vice President Research and Rule Development

  2. Shipping emissions – an overview About 50.000 ships operated in international trades by end of 2010. They accounted for 33000 billion tonne-miles of seaborne trade. Fleet growth has recently been reduced due to economic crisis and reduced ordering. • Emissions into the air • Sulphur oxides - acidification • Nitrogen oxides – pulmonary disease • Carbon dioxide – global warming • Emissions into the sea • ballast water – species transport • garbage, sewage, oil • Emissions to land • residues • recycling USP workshop - International marine environmental regulations | last modified: 2012-11-24, PCS | No. 2

  3. International Maritime Organization (IMO) • IMO is an United Nations specialized agency with responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships. • In 1948 an international conference in Geneva adopted a convention formally establishing IMO. • IMO currently has 170 Member States and three Associate Members. • Main work is performed by two bodies • Maritime Safety Committee • Marine Environmental Protection Committee • and a number of specialized subcommittees USP workshop - International marine environmental regulations | last modified: 2012-11-24, PCS | No. 3

  4. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Overview and timeline for maritime environmental regulations review 0.5% S, global NOx, Tier III, ECA Ship Recycling * CO2 market measures * 0.1% S, SECA Ballast water * CO2 technical measures 3.5% S, global US+CAN ECA active NOx Tier II, global Fuel tank protection 1% S, SECA *) estimated entry into force 0.1% S, EU ports USP workshop - International marine environmental regulations | last modified: 2012-11-24, PCS | No. 4

  5. The CO2-challenge and the IMO response Proposed emission target, COM(2011) - 144 • Emissions from shipping continue to increase and IMO has recently agreed on technical and operational measures, the EEDI and SEEMP. Their effects can now be predicted. Source: MEPC 63/4/1 USP workshop - International marine environmental regulations | last modified: 2012-11-24, PCS | No. 5

  6. Reduction of Sulphur oxide emissions • Sulphur oxide emissions from ships can effectively be reduced by either • using low Sulphur content marine fuel the required fuel is significantly more expensive than HFO • using LNG as ship fuel the technology is new and a supply chain does not exist yet • cleaning exhaust gas the technology is new and may lead to large amounts of residues discharged into the sea • Shipping will struggle to meet this challenge. USP workshop - International marine environmental regulations | last modified: 2012-11-24, PCS | No. 6

  7. Conventions waiting for entry into force • Ballast Water Convention • to facilitate treatment of ships’ ballast • to effectively limit species transport • Still 6% of world fleet tonnage missing for meeting ratification criteria • Large challenge to retrofit all ships within short period of time • Ship Recycling Convention • to establish safe and environmental friendly ship recycling • each ship to be equipped with inventory of hazardous materials • No flag state has ratified yet • Must lead to changes at recycling yards USP workshop - International marine environmental regulations | last modified: 2012-11-24, PCS | No. 7

  8. Thank you for your kind attention. Pierre.Sames@GL-Group.com

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