AT/FP Challenges in Renovation of Existing Military Facilities

1. AT/FP Challenges in Renovation of Existing Military Facilities Presented by: David Dickey, PE

2. Anti-Terrorism Standards • UFC 4-010-01

3. Triggers for Compliance • Is compliance mandatory? • Not all renovations must comply with standards. • Triggers • Renovation costs > 50% Replacement Cost • Conversion of Use • Glazing Replacement Projects • Building Additions • Leased Buildings

4. Information Gathering Site Investigations • Need all As-Built drawings • Including previous renovations • Budget for Site Visits • Entire design team should attend • Reduces RFI’s, Change Orders, and Conservative Bids

5. Information Gathering Unforeseen Conditions • If no As-built drawings exist • Extensive site investigation required • Unknown materials • Masonry – Unreinforced? • Wood – species, size, spacing? • Concrete – strength? • Steel – grade? weldable? • Testing for material properties • X-ray, samples, destructive testing • Will the design contract fund?

6. Information Gathering Unforeseen Conditions • Many items covered by interior finishes • Asbestos, electrical • Structure for window attachments • Is Selective Demolition possible? • Maintenance funding for patching? • Increase contingency to cover unforeseen conditions? • Unforeseen conditions can exceed 5% contingency quickly

7. Civil / Site • Force Protection Barriers • Passive • Curbs • Fencing • Hardscapes • Cable Barriers • Planters • Bollards WVARNG - AFRC – Kingwood, WV

8. Civil / Site Source: www.herculesfencenc.com • Barriers • Active • Wedge barriers • Pop-up bollards Source: www.multi-barrier.com Source: www.herculesfencenc.com

9. Architectural • Eliminate external roof access • Main entrance facing installation perim. • Occupants may use different entrance, or • Screen the front entrance • Maintain Aesthetics

10. Architectural / Civil • Fencing Source: www.ameristarfence.com

11. Architectural / Civil • Landscaping Command & Control Fac. – Ft. Campbell, KY

12. Architectural / Civil • Landscaping NOSC – El Paso, TX

13. Mechanical • Enclose Units Within 33ft of Building NOSC – El Paso, TX

14. Mechanical • Louver locations 10’ above ground • Not mandatory, but desirable • Could duct through roof • Use 2nd floor space as Mech. Rm. • Bracing of suspended equipment • Difficult to access if ceiling is not being replaced

15. Mechanical / Electrical Mailroom Addition • Requires dedicated ventilation and exhaust systems • Automatic shutoff with low leakage dampers • Tie controls into main DDC system

16. Architectural / Structural Mailroom Addition • Seal Walls and Doors Well • Harden Walls for Mail Bomb Threat • Demo existing floor slab • New foundations

17. Structural Prevent Progressive Collapse • For buildings 3 stories or more

18. Civil / Site New guidance for New Reserve Facilities ALL standoffs = 148’ Standoff Distance • Biggest issue with existing facilities

19. Civil / Site • Parking and Roadways • Provide access control at conventional standoff distance and restrict parking within Minimum standoff distance • Parking and Roadways • Move parking & roadways

20. Civil / Site / Structural • Parking beneath building or on rooftop • Eliminate • Access Control • Blast analysis for Type II explosive • Beneath – Reflected blast pressures • Rooftop – No standoff distance to roof structure

21. Architectural / Structural Window Replacement • Fragment retention films and blast curtains no longer acceptable Window Replacement Window Replacement • Fragment retention films and blast curtains no longer acceptable • Insulated Glazing Units • Laminated Glass

22. Architectural / Structural • If Standoff Distances are met • Glazing, frames, components, anchors, and supporting structure must still meet UFC • Wall is considered conventional construction • No wall retrofit necessary • If Standoff Distances are NOT met • Glazing, frames, components, anchors, and supporting structure must be designed for higher blast loads • Wall must be analyzed for blast pressures • Wall/Building retrofit may be necessary

23. Architectural / Structural Window Supporting Structure • Static Analysis • Extremely Conservative • Dynamic Analysis • Less conservative • Qualified blast engineer • Software is becoming easier to use • SBEDS

24. Structural • SBEDS software

25. Structural • Results of Window Jamb Design • CASE: Brick wall with metal stud backup, 36”Wx48”H window, 15’ tall jamb • Dynamic Analysis • One 6” deep 12 Gage stud required per jamb • Static Analysis • Four 6” deep 12 Gage studs required per jamb • Recommend Using Dynamic Analysis for all projects – New and Existing

26. Structural Retrofit Window Supporting Structure • Steel Tubes • Inset into building • Anchor to slabs below and above • Difficult with weaker roof or floor system • Unreinforced Masonry Walls • Cut blocks, drill & epoxy rebar, grout solid • Grout solid and reinforce externally • Each project is different

27. Key Points • Know Triggers • Info: As-built drawings – Site visits • Reduce Unforeseen Conditions • Site: Barriers, landscaping, aesthetics • Parking will be impacted • Influence of Standoff Distances • Window Replacement • Dynamic vs. Static Analysis • Each project is different