1 / 19

Fascinating World of Fungi: Types and Functions

Explore the diverse world of fungi, from mushrooms to molds, and their role as decomposers and symbionts. Learn about the anatomy, reproduction, and examples of common fungi like yeasts and morels. Discover the impact of fungi on humans and the environment.

colleenb
Download Presentation

Fascinating World of Fungi: Types and Functions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. FUNGI

  2. FUNGI • COMMON FUNGI EXAMPLES: • Mushrooms, yeasts, molds, morels, bracket fungi, puff balls

  3. Fungi are heterotrophs Fungi are the decomposers Fungi use extracellular digestion – when enzymes are secreted outside of their body to digest food Most fungi are multicellular Fungal spores develop from hyphae Many fungi are symbionts with other organisms Key Concepts:

  4. 1.Cell walls Made of Chitin The same stuff that makes insects’ exoskeleton. 3 Major Features

  5. Thin filaments making up the fungus. Long, thread-like chains of cells. Grow at the tips and branch… Mycelium – mass of hyphae 2. Hyphae

  6. septum - the wall that divides cells (internal cross- walls) 3. Cross-walls

  7. Anatomy of Fungi Visible • hyphae • mycellium • fruiting body

  8. Fungi come in many shapes and sizes. • Primitive fungi are aquatic and have flagellated spores.

  9. 1. Phylum Zygomycota (Common Molds) • Mostly terrestrial. • Two types of hyphae: • Stolons– (horizontal) spread across the surface • Rhizoids – (vertical) digs into the surface • Reproduces by spores • Example: Bread Mold

  10. 2. Phylum Ascomycota (Sac Fungi) • Most are multicellular (except for yeast) • Most undergo asexual reproduction • Largest phylum of Fungi • Ex: Yeasts, cup fungi, powdery mildews, & lichens Morels ascoscarp

  11. 3. Phylum Basidiomycota (Club Fungi) • Club fungi have fruiting bodies which are club-shaped. • Most are edible • reproductive structures called basidia • Ex: mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi

  12. 4. Phylum Deuteromycota (Imperfect Fungi • Asexual Reproduction • Do not fit into the commonly established taxonomic classification • cause most fungal diseases in humans • EX: ringworm, athletes foot, thrush Ringworm

  13. Fungi reproduce sexually and asexually. • Most fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually. • Yeasts reproduce asexually through budding. • Yeasts form asci (sexual spore-bearing cell) during sexual reproduction.

  14. Spores –cells with dehydrated cytoplasm & a protective coat capable of developing into new individuals When spore lands on moist surface, new hyphae form an identical parent. Budding: The fungus grows a new part of its body, which eventually breaks off. The broken-off piece becomes a “new” organism  Fragmentation: In this method, a piece of the mycelium, the body of the fungus, splits off. The resulting fragment can eventually produce a new colony of fungi. Asexual

  15. Hyphae of two fungi grow together and genetic material is exchanged. New structure grows from joined hyphae Sexual

  16. Bioremediation – help clean the environment. Fungi and Humans

  17. Molds Penicillium Penicillin Camembert and Roquefort cheeses Aspergillus Soy sauce Soft drinks - citric acid Yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bread, wine and beer Fungi and Humans

  18. Zygomycetes Rhizopus - Food spoilage Ascomycetes Ajeliomyces capsulatus-Histoplasmosis Aspergillus – sinus, ear, lung infection Microsporium sp. Various ringworms. Verticillium spPlant wilt Monilinia fructicola- Brown Rot of Peaches Some Pathogenic and Toxic Fungi

More Related