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Paper One – 2 Hours The Big Picture

Paper One – 2 Hours The Big Picture. Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 Who was to blame for the Cold War? Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis? Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?. Part Two 70 mins Depth Study – Causes and Events of the 1 st World War 1890 -1918

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Paper One – 2 Hours The Big Picture

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  1. Paper One – 2 Hours The Big Picture Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 Who was to blame for the Cold War? Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis? Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Part Two 70 mins Depth Study – Causes and Events of the 1st World War 1890 -1918 Why was there increasing tension between the Great Powers, 1890–1914? Why did the First World War break out in 1914? What happened on the Western Front? How important were the other fronts? www.historytl.com

  2. Paper One – Part One The Big Picture 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 • Who was to blame for the Cold War? • Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? • How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948? • How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? • Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? • Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis? • How did the USA react to the Cuban Revolution? • Why did Khrushchev put missiles into Cuba? • Why did Kennedy react as he did? • Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis? • Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? • Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? • What were the different ways that the USA and the Communists fought the war? • Whose tactics were the most effective – the USA’s or the Communists’? • Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? www.historytl.com

  3. Paper One – Part One The Big Picture 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 • Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? • Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? • What were the different ways that the USA and the Communists fought the war? • Whose tactics were the most effective – the USA’s or the Communists’? • Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? www.historytl.com

  4. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Many of you would have already heard of Vietnam and the War Note down thing things you already know or have heard of in your files www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  5. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Where is Vietnam? www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  6. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? • Objectives • To investigate reasons why the USA got involved in Vietnam • To understand why this involvement grew • To look a head –possible problems Now explain the message of this cartoon www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  7. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? You have three minutes to find as many possible reasons why the USA got involved in Vietnam as you can, use page 101/2 Make a Single Bubble with your findings Possible reasons www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  8. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? Possible reasons www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  9. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? Using all the information from pages 100-102 complete the focus task activities 1,2,4 1945 1965 Key No direct American involvement Finical Support Political Involvement Military Involvement http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=st5ax71ZCHg www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  10. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? A summary Containment China had fallen to communism in 1949, and America had fought in Korea in 1950-53 to contain the spread of communism.The US president, Lyndon B. Johnson, said: "I am not going to be the president who saw South-East Asia go the way China went." Domino theory Americans believed that, if South Vietnam fell, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand - and then Burma and India - would follow. President Johnson said: "If you let a bully come into your garden, the next day he'll be in your porch, and the day after that he'll rape your wife." ARVN's weakness It was obvious the South Vietnamese could not resist communist infiltration by the Vietcong without help.In 1963, the American commander reported that the ARVN - the South Vietnamese army - were "ill-equipped local militia who more often than not were killed asleep in their defensive positions." US advisers believed that good government and an efficient, large-scale war would defeat the Vietcong. The US was attacked The North Vietnamese had attacked the USS Maddox in August 1964, and then killed US soldiers in February 1965. Johnson became convinced that action in South Vietnam alone would never win the war: "We are swatting flies when we should be going after the manure pile.“ Prioritise these reasons from most important to least and explain your decisions www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  11. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam? Now explain the message of this cartoon Question 4 (a) What is the message of this cartoon? Use the source and your own knowledge (6marks) The message of this source is There is evidence in the source to support this because And ___________________________________________ My own knowledge supports this message because And www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  12. Under Attack!! If soldiers from another country came here and took control How would you feel? How would you resist? List 5 possible tactics or methods

  13. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the different ways the Americans and Communists fought the war? The Viet Cong • Objectives • To find examples of the tactics used by the Viet Cong • To be able to explain the reasons for these tactics • To evaluate the impact of these tactics on the war Watch this clip from platoon –What different tactics and methods do the Viet Cong use to fight the USA? www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  14. The Vietnam War 1970

  15. Vietnamese Booby Traps

  16. The Tunnels in South Vietnam

  17. The Tunnels in South Vietnam

  18. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the tactics of the Viet Cong? Reasons Tactics Using the booklet and pages106/7 Complete this diagram www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  19. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the tactics of the Viet Cong? In no more than 100 words explain what the tactics of the Viet Cong were In no more than 100 words explain why these tactics were chosen Give three advantages and three disadvantages of deciding to follow these tactics www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  20. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the tactics of the Viet Cong? Give three advantages and three disadvantages of deciding to follow these tactics Explain why the Viet Cong adopted the tactics that they did? (6 marks) www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  21. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What tactics would you suggest to counter those of the Viet Cong? In pairs come up with three ideas http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=Gz3Cc7wlfkI www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  22. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the different ways the Americans and Communists fought the war? The Americans • Objectives • To find examples of the tactics used by the Americans • To be able to explain the reasons for these tactics • To evaluate the impact of these tactics on the war Watch these clips of bombing raids in Vietnam –What is the purpose of this tactic? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67K1tt-V-lc&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88jrZjsNHPc www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  23. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the different ways the Americans and Communists fought the war? The Americans Complete the following table using pages 108/9 http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=Ev2dEqrN4i0 www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  24. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What were the different ways the Americans and Communists fought the war? The Americans (c) How effective do you think the US tactics were for fighting the Viet Cong?[10] (Remember to start with a 1 sentence introduction) Introduction_ The tactics were effective because Another reason their tactics were effective is because However, the tactics could be considered ineffective because Another reason why the tactics were ineffective was In conclusion I think the tactics were Because (10 marks) www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 (c) How effective do you think the US tactics were for fighting the Viet Cong?[10] (Remember to start with a 1 sentence introduction) _____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________. The tactics were effective because________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Another reason their tactics were effective is because _________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. However, the tactics could be considered ineffective because____________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Another reason why the tactics were ineffective was_________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. In conclusion I think the tactics were___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Because _______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. (10 marks)

  25. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Whose tactics were most effective- The USA’s or the Communists? • Objectives • To compare the different tactics • To start to investigate why the Americans failed in Vietnam Review Homework www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  26. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Whose tactics were most effective- The USA’s or the Communists? • Investigate the sources and information on pages 110 and 111 • What problems can you find that the American faced? • Put your examples into a Single Bubble Map • Use direct evidence from the sources to support your examples • Now annotate your examples • Which were caused by the Americans and which were caused by the Viet Cong www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  27. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? What problems did the Americans face in Vietnam? Problems faced www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  28. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Whose tactics were most effective- The USA’s or the Communists? Using your bubble map Answer ‘The USA caused most of its own problems in Vietnam’ Do you agree? (10 marks) I agree because …….(2/3 clearly supported reasons) However there is evidence that disagrees….(2/3 clearly supported reasons) In conclusion I do/do not agree because www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  29. My Lai MassacrePage 112/3 • In 7 sentences explain what happened • Give two reasons why you think this massacre happened • How was this event received in America? • Explain why the My Lai Massacre contributed to the failure of the USA in Vietnam (3 reasons)

  30. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? • Here are two factors that may have led to the withdrawal • The Anti Vietnam war protest movement (page 116/7) • The Tet offensive (Page 118) • Research these two factors write a summary of no more than 100 words explaining why they might have been a cause of the withdrawal • In conclusion Which do you think was the most important cause? • Review all your work on the topic –What other factors can you find? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7Y0ekr-3So Country Joe http://www.navalhistory.org/2010/04/29/operation-frequent-wind-april-29-30-1975/ Leaving Saigon www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  31. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? • Objectives • To investigate the reasons why America withdrew from Vietnam • To evaluate these reasons • To practise our source skills http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vj_ImnJrOA0&feature=related www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  32. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? • Another possible factor • The Tet offensive (Page 118) • Research the Tet Offensive • What happened? (bullet point) • Explain why this might have been a cause of the withdrawal, two reasons • Look at source 57 on page 120 • Explain How Nixon (US President) tried to end the war www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  33. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? Timeline 1967 Belief, although hard, the war is making progress 1968 Tet Offensive 1968 My Lai Massacre 1968 Nixon becomes President of USA, looks for way out of Vietnam 1973 Last US troops leave 1975 Saigon falls (Vietnam is completely communist) www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  34. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? Public opinion in the USA Demonstration at the Pentagon – How far does this photograph explain why America left Vietnam? What is the message of the Life front cover? Are you surprised by this source? www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  35. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam? Why did the war arouse so much opposition in America? 58,000 Americans - average age 19 - were killed. It was hard for Americans to believe that they were defending America by fighting in a war 8,000 miles away. Extensive media coverage brought all the failures and horrors of the war into US homes. Atrocities such as the massacre at My Lai undermined the moral authority of the US to continue the war. The cost of the war meant that the US president Lyndon B. Johnson had to cancel his Great Society programme of reform. The war was opposed particularly by Martin Luther King and by America's black community (because wealthier white men could avoid the draft by going to university or to Canada, and young black men were twice as likely to be killed). A Summary Homework (c)Which was more important in bringing about the USA’s failure in Vietnam: the military tactics of the North Vietnamese or public opinion in the USA? Explain your answer. [10] www.historytl.com Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  36. Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? A Review Trial Exam • Objectives • To apply our knowledge and skills to an exam question Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75

  37. Vietnam – Would you give evidence? • Objectives • To investigate options available to the soldier • To come to a judgement based on the pros & cons of each option • To reflect on the skills used in the lesson The Changing Face of Warfare

  38. Will you give evidence?

  39. Will you give evidence? You are a 19 year old draftee on your first tour of Vietnam. You have been out on ‘Search & Destroy’ patrols for two weeks when you enter a small village. The village has been a centre of Vietcong activity and the villagers are known to support the enemy. You feel increased tension as you walk round the village, the eyes look at you with fear and anger. You feel the same, a friend was killed by a bobby trap yesterday. A child runs from behind a shack and your Corporal opens fire, immediately others join in. It is twenty minutes before order is resorted. Twenty-six villagers are dead including women and children. Your troop with draws from the village. Two months later an enquiry is held into the massacre. You are called to give evidence against your fellow soldiers. Will you give evidence? What are your options?

  40. Key Question- An option- Another option- A third option- Pros- Cons- Pros- Cons- Pros- Cons- Decision –

  41. http://www.navalhistory.org/2010/04/29/operation-frequent-wind-april-29-30-1975/http://www.navalhistory.org/2010/04/29/operation-frequent-wind-april-29-30-1975/ Leaving Saigon

  42. Why did the war arouse so much opposition in America? 58,000 Americans - average age 19 - were killed. It was hard for Americans to believe that they were defending America by fighting in a war 8,000 miles away. Extensive media coverage brought all the failures and horrors of the war into US homes. Atrocities such as the massacre at My Lai undermined the moral authority of the US to continue the war. The cost of the war meant that the US president Lyndon B. Johnson had to cancel his Great Society programme of reform. The war was opposed particularly by Martin Luther King and by America's black community (because wealthier white men could avoid the draft by going to university or to Canada, and young black men were twice as likely to be killed).

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