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RHETORIC Notes

RHETORIC Notes. Pre-AP To AP English. Rhetoric “ rhetor ” Greek persona of communicator.

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RHETORIC Notes

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  1. RHETORIC Notes Pre-AP To AP English

  2. Rhetoric“rhetor” Greek persona of communicator • Art of finding and analyzing all the choices involving language that a writer, speaker, reader, or listener might make in a situation so that the text becomes meaningful, purposeful, and effective for readers or listeners. • Art of communication = art of persuasion.

  3. Where is Rhetoric found? • Speeches • Cartoons • Advertisements • Letters • Poetry • Prose • Essays • Magazine and newspaper articles on controversial issues

  4. Early History • Aristotle (384-322 BCE) • Greek Philosopher = wrote on logic, natural sciences, metaphysics, ethics, politics, and rhetoric (many followers and brought the ideas to the western world) • Defined rhetoric as the ability to see; persuasion • Believed rhetoric created community and good will. • Create the basic principles for Rhetoric (ethos, pathos, logos).

  5. Rhetorical Triangle WRITER (communicator) Intention AUDIENCE Subject/ CONTEXT

  6. Appeals Pages 49 - 50

  7. Ethos

  8. LOGOS

  9. P A T H O S

  10. Watch the Commercial • Which rhetorical appeal the commercial is targeting? Explain why. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owGykVbfgUE&feature=g-hist

  11. Rhetorical DevicesVocabularyStrategies that Strengthen any Argument/Persuasion

  12. Draw Table

  13. Rhetorical Questions

  14. Rhetorical Question Question that is not answered by the writer, because the answer is obvious or is just yes or no. It is used for effect, or provocation, or for drawing a conclusionary statement from the facts at hand.

  15. Anaphora Winston Churchill: “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.”

  16. Anaphora Repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases.

  17. Antithesis “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”

  18. Antithesis Clear, contrasting relationship between 2 ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure.

  19. Can you guess device used by black knight?

  20. Euphemism/Understatement

  21. Euphemism • The act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive.

  22. Chiasmus

  23. Chiasmus Mirror image/opposites

  24. Overstatement

  25. Overstatement/Hyperbole Making something sound worse than it is “going to the dentist is the worst thing ever”

  26. Diction

  27. Diction Ex. Colgate toothpaste is dynamite. Ex. Mary is a Queen.

  28. Can you guess the two devices used in this video?

  29. Allusion

  30. Allusion • An expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference

  31. Repetition Repetition Repetition

  32. How does this painting make YOU feel?

  33. Mood Mood is a state of mind or emotion

  34. How is the person in the clip coming across to THE AUDIENCE?

  35. Tone • Manner in which an author expresses his/her attitude.

  36. Metaphor

  37. Simile

  38. Watch clip and try and guess the next device.

  39. Ambiguity

  40. Ambiguity Doubtfulness or uncertainty as regards to an interpretation.

  41. Concession Acknowledgement of personal flaws or flaws to a proposal; speaker centered.

  42. Can you guess the device used in this ad?

  43. Paradox A seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true. Ex. When the hurlyburly’s done, when the battle’s lost and won (Macbeth I.i.1).

  44. Oxymoron

  45. Oxymoron Paradox reduced to 2 words, to show a strong relationship.

  46. Parallelism • They are laughing at me, not with me."(Bart Simpson, The Simpsons) • "Buy a bucket of chicken and have a barrel of fun."(slogan of Kentucky Fried Chicken) • "Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal."(T.S. Eliot) • "I don’t want to live on in my work. I want to live on in my apartment."(Woody Allen)

  47. Parallelism Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. Also called parallel structure.

  48. Asyndeton • “You can barbecue it, boil it, broil it, bake it, saute it. Dey’s uh, shrimp-kabobs, shrimp creole, shrimp gumbo, pan fried, deep fried, stir-fried.” (Forest Gump)

  49. Examples of Asyndeton • “The dove, splashed, floated, splashed, swam, snorted.” • “He was a bag of bones, a floppy doll, a broken stick, an maniac.”

  50. Asyndeton A style that omits conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses.

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