The job of the circulatory system is to carry Chemicals around the body. Blood

2. The job of the circulatory system is to carry Chemicals around the body. Blood • If you had blood drawn from your arm it could be separated into four parts. • 1st part Plasma • 90% Water, the liquid parts of blood • Carries chemicals such as minerals, vitamins, digested foods, wastes, and proteins. Proteins help clot blood.

3. 4. 2nd part- Red blood cells a. Most numerous b. Tiny disc shaped and red c. carries oxygen and carbon dioxide d. RBC’s have hemoglobin which allows them to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. e. Does not have a nucleus f. Constantly being made in the bone marrow g. Lives about 120 days h. Old red blood cells are removed by the liver

4. 5. 3rd part White blood cells a. Large colorless cells b. destroy disease causing organisms c. Made in bone marrow d. Have a nucleus e. squeeze out of blood vessels and move like an amoeba to attack germs and destroy them anywhere in the body. f. a liquid called pus is actually the remains of dead bacteria and white blood cells.

5. 6. 4th part – platelets a. colorless, tiny pieces of cells b. helps clot blood. Go to site of wound and break apart releasing a special chemical. This chemical and protein form a web which traps red blood cells . The trapped red blood cells then dry and form a scab.

6. 7. Your body is constantly making new blood to replace the old. But, if too much blood is lost because of a disease or accident, a doctor can replace lost blood by a transfusion. Transfusion- transfer of blood from one person to another.

7. 8. There are 4 types of blood A, B, AB, and O. The blood type is determined by proteins on the outside of the Red blood cells. AB Universal __Receiver____ (person receiving) O Universal ____Donor____

8. 9. Blood Disorders • Anemia: the body does not make enough red blood cells. • Leukemia: the body produces too many white blood cells and many of the white blood cells do not work properly. • Hemophilia: blood does not clot properly. “Bleeders disease” Inherited disease that mainly affects males.

9. 10. Strongest muscle in your body is your heart. 11. Location: it hangs the center of the chest between your lungs and behind the breastbone (sternum). 12. Job: Pump fluid throughout your body. Beats approximately 70 times a minute. 13. You can think of your heart as 2 pumps working side by side. The right side pumps blood to your lungs to pick up oxygen. The left side pumps this oxygen rich blood to your body.

10. 14. Two pumps are divided into 4 spaces called chambers. Your heart is actually a 2 barreled 4 chambered pump. 15. The two upper chambers are called atriums. They pump blood into the bottom two chambers. The bottom chambers are called ventricles. They pump blood out of the heart.

11. 16. You will hear 2 sounds during every heartbeat. The valves between the atriums and the ventricles make a Lubb sound as they click open and shut. Then a pause. Dubb is the sound of the valves closing as the blood leave the heart. Lub-Dub-Lub-Dub. 17. Sometimes the clear clicking noises of the heartbeat may sound like Lubb-shhb- dubb. This means the valve aren’t working properly and there is some leakage. This is called a murmur.

12. 18. The force needed to squeeze a new tennis ball is similar to the force needed to squeeze blood out of the heart. If you squeeze 70 times a minute (normal pulse) you will get an idea how hard your heart works. 19. Blood without oxygen enters the heart through the vena cava. The blood without oxygen goes into the right atrium, through a valve and into the right ventricle.

13. 20.The blood goes through a valve into the pulmonary arteries. Blood goes into the lungs through capillaries where they exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen. 22. The capillaries come together and send the blood loaded with oxygen back to the heart through pulmonary veins. 23. The blood enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the valve into the left ventricle. 24. The left ventricle pumps it through a valve into the aorta

15. 25.Three kinds of blood vessels: 1. Arteries: Handle the fast and furious rush of the blood containing oxygen. They carry blood away from the heart. They are big muscular tubes with thick layers of elastic walls. Arteries are what we press when we want to find our pulse. Heart attacks: Artery carrying blood to the heart becomes blocked by a clot. The heart muscle does not get enough blood.

16. 26. Capillaries: the tiniest blood vessels . They are finer than a hair. Blood cells have to line up one by one to pass through the capillaries. Walls are very thin so that nutrients and oxygen, carbon dioxide can all pass through. Every cell in your body is no more than a hairs width from a capillary.

17. 27. 3 veins: they return blood to the heart. They appear as blue lines through the skin that you can see. Blood flow (speed it travels in the veins is a lazy river compared to the frantic rush in the arteries. The blood moves slowly and smoothly so the walls of the veins are thin, but not as thin as capillaries. Muscle activity squeezes and pinches the veins enough to ensure that flow is not broken. Veins have one way valves. These valves keep the blood from flowing backwards.

18. 28. Pulse: You hear a heartbeat, but you feel a pulse. The pulse is caused by blood stopping and starting as it rushes through the arteries. You can actually feel the walls of the artery. 29. Exercise- the heart is a muscle, and like any other muscles it will respond to exercise by becoming larger and stronger. A big, athletic heart can do the same amount of pumping work with fewer beats. It is a proven fact that athletes live longer, on the average.