Its history

1. ITALY Itshistory

2. Prehistory Cultural evolution in Italy starts with the first human beings in the Paleolithic. In fact,  graffiti and objects made from  humans have been found in different parts of our country. Between the fifth and third millennium BC, the animals were domesticated and  elementary forms of agriculture were introduced.  Men abandoned nomadism  and began to cultivate the fields, raise animals, learn to use and polish stones, make tools and manufactures of pottery. In this period there are the dinosaurs and an ancestor of the elephant: the mammoth

3. The age of Ancient Greece • In ancient times the coastal areas of southern Italy were known as Megale Hellas. These areas were colonised by members of Greek populations (Li, Dorians, Achaeans, Euboea, Chalcis), who emigrated from their homelands for political and economic reasons.In this way, the Hellenic and Eastern cultures have landed in the south of the peninsula, at that time inhabited by Enotri, an indigenous population subsequently emigrated to Sicily.Over the centuries it was erroneously thought that this territory was subordinated to the development of the motherland. In reality these cities developed in various fields such as art, science, philosophy. This led to the name "magna".Magna Graecia became a  haven for ships from Asia and Greece, and  home to many and prolific  businesses . The art and science of Magna Graecia were quickly known throughout the world.The territory of the Magna Greece covers regions of southern Italy, rich in fertile land.

4. The Roman The Roman Empire was born thanks to an ancient legend that tells about the betrayal of a twin brother to another to take over the new land created by them.Rome is the capital of this empire. This town was born on Capitol Hill.Initially, Rome was ruled by Kings (then there was a monarchical government). The 7  world famous kings of Rome were:Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Ostilius, Anco Marcius, Tarquinius Priscus, Servius TulliusTarquinius Superbus ( the Proud). In fact the Roman Empire changed its form of government and passed to the Republic. The republic was formed by three leaders of the Senate and in fact there was a Senate where the facts were discussed . When Julius Caesar died (he was a great Roman senator, who was assassinated by his son Brutus), the kind of Government changed again: the Republic became an Empire with the Roman emperor Octavian Augustus who was Julius Caesar’s nephew. From then on the Roman Empire expanded its domain in Spain, France, the countries of northern Italy, and  to a small extent in the East and North Africa . o

5. The middle age The Middle Ages is an era that lasted nearly 1000 years, from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 to the discovery of America in 1492.The main theme of this period is  Christianity: in fact  in all the paintings there is God, Jesus and Mary. Many churches   and cathedrals were also built . In this period Italy is divided into many small states. Moreover, some castles were built to protect the Kings from battles and sieges. A new empire called the Holy Roman Empire was formed .It was  controlled by an emperor, the 1st emperor, who formed his own empire, Charle Magne was crowned in 800 by Pope Leo II.Because of the formation of the empire there was a "war" with the papacy. They fought to have more power . Then there was a crisis of both the emperor and the Papacy, and then there was a total crisis of all people in this century because there was an epidemic fever. Thus  the Middle Ages ended.

6. The reinassance • The Italian Renaissance is the artistic and cultural movement which was born in Firenze to rediscover the ancient classical culture, that had been altered by medieval religiosity. One of its aims was to find the sense of man's nature. The Renaissance is a time of flourishing of the arts and letters. The arts were characterized by the development of some forms and techniques such as perspective and oil paintings; the letters were characterised by philology and religion for Humanae Litterae (hence the term humanism) released from deposits of medieval divinae litterae. The center of Humanism, the Renaissance was Florence; then it spread to the Aragonese court of Naples with Alfonso I, to that of Pope Pius II, the humanist pope, and Pope Leo X, and that of Milan, Ludovico Sforza. Politically Humanism in Italy is accompanied by the transformation of Commons in the Lords. Humanism is in fact the expression of the bourgeoisie that has consolidated its wealth and aspires to political power. The development of humanism is within the formation of national monarchies in Europe.

7. The Italian Risorgimento • With Risorgimento historiography refers to the period of Italian history during which the Italian nation earned its national unity, becoming one new state - the Kingdom of Italy - and unifying the previous  States. Although there isn’t consensus among historians, most of them tend to establish the beginning of the Risorgimento as a movement, immediately after the end of Napoleon’s supremacy and the Congress of Vienna in 1815, with the annexation of the Papal States and the move of the capital from Turin to Rome in February 1871.From the early thirties of the nineteenth century a man became a leading figure: Giuseppe Mazzini (1805-1872) who became a member of the Carbonari in 1830.The sharing of the political program led Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882) to participate in the revolutionary upheavals of 1834 in Piedmont.Giuseppe Garibaldi, with the expedition of the Thousand, helped Italy to unify geographically but not culturally, in 1861 Giuseppe Mazzini Giuseppe Garibaldi

8. Contemporary Age • After the French Revolution in 1789  a new historical period began. The contemporary age  caused radical changes throughout the world. Around 1950  the first phone was born. It was a great discovery used as a means of communication that only the rich could afford.The phone was used at first only in the houses, then in 1985 became known as transportable and mobileIn the third millennium, 99% of people own a mobile phoneIn 1977 the first computer disk was create. the computer was a great discovery, very useful as well as the Internet. To communicate quickly and easily, we use very popular social network like facebook, messenger ... ...Now in 2010 cell phones have modernized and become more practical and functional, There are also  touch screens like the iphone and and the ipad. Change

9. POWERPOINT MADE BY • Gianni, Emma, Clelia, Giulia M. e Alice