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A STUDY IN THE CONTRASTIVE LEXICON OF POLISH AND ENGLISH

A STUDY IN THE CONTRASTIVE LEXICON OF POLISH AND ENGLISH. DECEPTIVE WORDS. Marta Paszkiewicz. Outline. THE NOTION OF DECEPTIVE WORDS A CONTRASTIVE AND ANALITICAL APPROACH TO THE SYSTEM OF SEMANTIC RELATIONS IN POLISH vs ENGLISH GRAPHO- PHONEMICALLY RELATED PAIRS

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A STUDY IN THE CONTRASTIVE LEXICON OF POLISH AND ENGLISH

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  1. A STUDY IN THE CONTRASTIVE LEXICON OF POLISH AND ENGLISH DECEPTIVE WORDS Marta Paszkiewicz

  2. Outline • THE NOTION OF DECEPTIVE WORDS • A CONTRASTIVE AND ANALITICAL APPROACH TO THE SYSTEM OF SEMANTIC RELATIONS IN POLISH vs ENGLISH GRAPHO- PHONEMICALLY RELATED PAIRS • THE MOOT POINT:THE RELATIVITY OF EQUIVALENCE

  3. THE NOTION OF DECEPTIVE WORDS • deceptive word is a word which exhibits • grapho-phonemic similarity to word(s) in another language • partial or no correlation to the meaning(s) of the word(s) in another language • different labels: heteronyms, deceptive pairs, synonymous diamorphs ,deceptive cognates, misleading words, false friends

  4. Classification of words having similar grapho-phonemic form 1. EQUIVALENCE 2. INCLUSION 3. OVERLAPPING 4. CONTRAST

  5. EQUIVALENCE • The lexical unit can usually be rendered by its grapho-phonemic equivalent in the other language, e.g. E. analphabet  P. analfabeta • No semantic interference • Frequency_In_E (analphabet) <Frequency_In_P (analfabeta)

  6. EQUIVALENCE: Illustration ILLITERATE PERSON

  7. INCLUSION • The lexical unit can be rendered by its partner but the reverse is confined to part of the meanings. That is, the semantic range of L1 word is wider than of the L2 word, e.g. NEGATIVE TRANSFER: To co utrzymuje jest tylko fikcją! What he claims is just POSITIVE TRANSFER: To co pisze należy do gatunku fikcji. What he writes belongs to the genre of • *fiction! • a figment of his imagination! • fiction. • *a figment of his imagination

  8. INCLUSION: illustration FICTION FIKCJA FIGMENT OF IMAGINATION LITERATURE

  9. OVERLAP • A partial semantic correlation limited to certain semantically corresponding areas which is only part of the full semantic field • The remaining areas are rendered by grapho-phonemically UNRELATED lexical units

  10. OVERLAP: examples • POSITIVE TRANSFER: • I got a letter from an anonym. • Dostałem list od anonima. • NEGATIVE TRANSFER: • Polish-English • Dostałem anonim • I got an • English-Polish • During her writing career she used an anonym. • W czasie swojej kariery piasarkiej posługiwała się • *anonym • anonymous letter • *anonimem • pseudonimem

  11. OVERLAP: illustration ANONYM ANONIM A PERSON WHOSE NAME IS UNKNOWN A FICTITIOUS NAME ANONYMOUS LETTER

  12. CONTRAST • The impossibility of rendering the L1 item by the grapho-phonemically corresponding equivalent in L2 and vv. NEGATIVE TRANSFER: English-Polish I had a lecture on English grammar. Miałem *lekturę z angielskiej gramatyki. wykład z angielskiej gramatyki.

  13. Classification of words having similar grapho-phonemic form 1. EQUIVALENCE E. alphabet P. alfabet 2. INCLUSION E. fiction   P. protokół 3. OVERLAPPING E. platform  4. CONTRAST E. lecture  P. lektura P. fikcja beletrystyka E. protocol minutes P. platforma peron

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