NATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR AGRICULTURE ON KHARIF CAMPAIGN ,2014

1. NATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR AGRICULTURE ON KHARIF CAMPAIGN ,2014 ADOPTION OF IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY FOR EFFICIENT USE OF WATER, NUTRIENTS AND PLANT PROTECTION CHEMICALS GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU

2. THRUST AREAS • Rejuvenation of soil health to increase the productivity • Conjunctive use of water • Supply and management of quality inputs • Effective and economic utilization of inputs • Increasing the net cultivable area • Improving the Farmers Economic Development Index • Investment for increased capacity utilization of agriculture infrastructure • Rainfed cultivation

3. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY Total Water Potential • 18 River basins. • > 95% of the surface water potential and 80 % of ground water potential exploited • Normal Annual surface flow : 6.07 Million Hectare Metre (MHM). • Utilizable run off : 2.33 MHM. Total utilizable water resources : 5 MHM (Both Surface & Ground Water). • 85 Large dams & 4 Small dams – Combined storage capacity 238.58 TMC

4. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES • Total water resources available is 1587 TMC • Total demand for Agri & Non-Agri is 1893 TMC. • Total available Ground Water is 734 TMC. • Total unmet gap is 306 TMC(16% of the demand) - Rain water Harvesting initiatives imperative. • Totally 70,368 water bodies ( Minor irrigation accounts for 21,609) Blockwise Ground Water Utilisation

5. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., • EXTENT OF IRRIGATED LAND: • Annual average rainfall - 921.50 mm (48% during north-east monsoon, 35% during south-west monsoon, 14% during summer and 3% during winter). • Per capita availability of water resources is 750 cubic meters per (All India average of 2,200 cubic meters). • World standard is 1000 Cubic Meters. Tamil Nadu state is under water scarcity. • Net area irrigated by different sources during 2011-12 was 29.64 lakh ha as against 29.12 lakh ha in 2010-11 - Increase of 0.52 lakh ha • Net area irrigated during 2011-12 constituted about 59% of the net area sown in the state.

6. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD., STRATEGIES TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF WATER USE • Improving water holding capacity of sub-basins & bringing more cropped area under irrigation • Intensification of irrigated area development and water management schemes. • Improving water resources - farm ponds, de-silting of lakes & ponds, percolation pond formation etc. • Rain water harvesting • Cultivation of less water intensive and more remunerative crops(Crop Diversification) • SRI technology, Precision farming, Sustainable Sugarcane Initiatives, Micro Irrigation in a larger extent.

7. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD., OBJECTIVE • To bridge the gap between the irrigation potential created and utilized • To improve the water use efficiency in canal irrigated areas • To ensure Participatory Irrigation Management • To adopt best possible cropping pattern. • More income per drop of water. • To reduce wastage of water and to increase the irrigation efficiency.

8. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., EFFICIENCY OF WATER USE GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • System of Rice Intensification (SRI) • Increases rice productivity • Increases water use efficiency - saves 25% water requirement • Adoption of Dapog Nursery (1/8th of the nursery area) • Alternate wetting and drying • Transplanting 14 days old seedlings. • Minimizes inputs & labour requirement • Saves cost of cultivation (25 to 30%) • 2013-14 – Programme 12 L.Ha • whole village concept in 2000 villages -1.90 L.Ha • 57198 Demonstrations under NADP - Rs.17.16 crores

9. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES b.Sustainable Sugarcane Initiatives • Augment the productivity • Reduce input requirement - planting material (Chip bud Nursery), water (Micro-irrigation) • Increase fertiliser use efficiency - precision farming • Mechanised harvesting possible • Programme - 20000 Ha - Rs.24.03 crores - NADP c. Trash Mulching in Sugarcane - in-situ moisture conservation - 5000 Ha -Rs.1.01 crore

10. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., • GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • d. Redgram Transplantation • Nursery for one month - saves irrigation water • Programme - 50000 acres (MI in 10000 acres) - Rs.55.60 crores. • Distribution of rain-gun/ mobile sprinklers and use of PULSE WONDER to boost the yield. • Demonstrations in12500 acres & incentives for 37500 acres besides training the farmers.

11. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., • GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • e. EXTENT OF USE OF MICRO-IRRIGATION • more crop/ income per drop of water” • cultivation of high value – less water intensive crops • Water Use Efficiency (WUE) increased • Mission mode approach (NMMI)

12. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD.,

13. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., f. Precision Farming – Installation of Drip and Fertigation systems in 20,000Ha of Sugarcane area @ Rs.97,500/-per Ha. g. Other water use efficiency measures • Distribution of conveyance pipes (HDPE & LDPE) • ISOPOM - Oilseeds, Oilpalm & Maize • IAMWARM - 2138 farm ponds, 647 rain water harvesting works, 12 improved water conveyance systems GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES MICROIRRIGATION(Contd.,) • 100% subsidy to Small/Marginal farmers and 75% subsidy to other farmers • Developing Micro Irrigation villages (one village per District in pilot basis) • Micro irrigation in crops such as Sugarcane, Cotton, Maize, oilpalm and Coconut. • Distribution of Sprinkler/ Mobile Sprinkler / raingun under NFSM – Pulses – Rs.1.88 crores • IAMWARM - about 29992 hectares in the sub basin areas.

14. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., • GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • f. Command Area Development & Water Management Programme • Gap between the irrigation potential created and utilized • Water loss through seepage and percolation • Lack of participation of farmers in water management • salient components of CAD • Construction of Field Channels & control structures for proper efficient distribution • To create awareness and co-operation among Farmers to involve in Water Management practices

15. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., 26 Projects have been completed upto 2012

16. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY– CONTD., 26 Projects have been completed upto 2012

17. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD., GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES Provision of Diesel Engine Pumpset with Rain gun / Portable Sprinkler Irrigation System for Critical Life Saving Supplemental Irrigation under NADP To provide lifesaving / supplementary irrigation to rainfed crops for avoiding total crop loss, utilizing rainwater harvested in farm ponds executed in the individual farmers field by Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department under MGNREGS scheme. To sustain agricultural productivity and to improve the economic status of the farmers in rainfed areas through provision of diesel engine pumpsets with Portable Rain gun / sprinkler irrigation systems at nominal rental charges.

18. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD., • GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • Provision of Solar PV Pumping System with automatic tracking facility linked with appropriate Micro irrigation system • To provide energy security to the farmers for irrigating the crops with no recurring expenditure. • To promote the use of Green Energy ( non-conventional energy) in Agriculture sector. • To improve the water use efficiency using Micro irrigation techniques. • To improve the Agricultural Production and Productivity.

19. INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD., FUTURE PROSPECTS- TN BUDGET ,2014 • System of Rice Intensification (SRI) which is being implemented in an area of 12 L.Ha during 2013-14 will be further extended in an additional area of 1.20 L.Ha during 2014-2015. • The novel concept of Red Gram Transplantation which was adopted in 39125 Ha will be further extended to 52000 Ha. • The Sustainable Sugarcane Initiatives (SSI) which is being implemented in 20000 Ha in 2013-14 will be further extended in 5000 Ha. • Precision farming which is being implemented in 3962 Ha in 2013-14 will be further extended to 4400 Ha during 2014-2015. • Micro irrigation will be implemented in 52000 Ha with an outlay of Rs.400 crore dovetailed from various schemes • On Farm Development works (CAD WMP) which is being implemented in an area of 25900 Ha during 2013-14 will be further extended in an additional area of 19100 Ha during 2014-2015

20. EFFICIENT USE OF NUTRIENTS STRATEGIES • FCMS based cropping system • Integrated Nutrient Management • Organic fertilizers • Augmenting the Organic matter content - application of compost,green manure and recycling farm waste, mulching • Seed Inoculation with biofertilizers • Liquid Biofertilizer application • Application of Phosphorous solubilizing bio-fertilizers • Adoption of organic farming • Macronutrients • Use of leaf colour chart • Split application of fertilizers • Band application of fertilizers • Placement of fertilizers especially P near the root zone • Application of Neem / sulfur coated fertilizers – 3988 MT of NCU distributed in 2013-14 • Fertigation • Micronutrients - Foliar application of micronutrients • Expansion of SRI, Precision farming & SSI in a larger extent.

21. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • FARM CROP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FCMS) • Micro level planning and execution by the Agriculture and allied Departments • A special software package “Farm Crop Management System” developed. • helps in planning at individual farm level • aim to bridge the yield gap backed with IT enabled extension and strong marketing support • Advisories issued on various agriculture operations to the farmers • Integrating and synchronizing the efforts of various stakeholders in the field of agriculture to provide linkage to the post harvest processing and marketing Farmer Data Base Yield Assessment & Market Assistance Individual Farm Mapping Crop Plan Development Systematic Monitoring Input Assessment Stakeholders Synergy

22. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… FERTILITY STATUS OF SOIL • Organic matter content has depleted from 1.26% in 1980s to 0.68% in 2010-11. • Nutrient status of Tamil Nadu • Nitrogen (N) , Phosphorus (P) - low-medium • Potassium (K) - high • Zinc, Copper ,Iron, Manganese and Boron - deficient GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • SOIL SURVEY & LAND USE • Reconnaissance soil survey at taluk level and detailed soil survey at village level - four Soil Survey Units • demarcate the area into soil order & series • study the characteristics of the soil, nutrient status, Land irrigability, Land capability, Crop suitability etc. • Soil profile studied and classified according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). • Extent of soil mapped on standard topographic base maps • interpreted to recommend survey number wise crop management strategies.

23. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… • GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • SOIL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS: • Programmed to collect and analyze soil samples of 81.18 lakh farm holdings on fast track approach in 3 years. So far, • 65.78 lakh soil samples collected • 60.33 lakh samples analyzed • uploading done in FCMS site. • Action pursued to complete the analysis on mission mode approach by employing JRF • Central Control Laboratory - creating awareness on soil-test–based fertiliser use & imparting training to the laboratory personnel • 30 STLs & 16 MSTLs to expedite soil sample analysis • STLs computerized for uploading details of soil samples in AGRISNET • 46 labs (30STL + 16 MSTL) provided with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers

24. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… • GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • FARMER INTEGRATED HAND BOOK (FIHB) • 3 Year record - • information on type & extent of land • soil nutrition and water status • recommendations for fertilizer application • crop wise productivity • scheme benefits availed. • Plan of action developed for land preparation, optimum use of water, suitable crop with proper plant protection measures. • Programmed to distribute FIHB to all 81.18 Lakh farm hoildings - 45 lakhs distributed

25. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… • Programme- 6 priority blocks of six selected districts to • identify soil limitations and nutrient removal pattern of crops for decisions on soil health management. • survey data will be linked with the cadastral map • analyse and prepare Nutrient map for all the villages in the selected six blocks. • Provide maps in Geo-PDF format for the user agencies. • Field Maps pertaining to 6 pilot blocks have been prepared for processing & GIS mapping GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • GIS BASED SOIL MAPPING FOR SCIENTIFIC FARM PLANNING: • Digitalised soil mapping – IT enabled accessibility of soil database for the farming community to • know the status and suitability of soil • encourage the farmers to grow more suitable crops • increase productivity of individual farms • bridge the yield gap at village, block, district and state level • ensure more appropriate soil and water management strategies

26. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • Organic farming for sustainable agriculture: • Organic matter content declined – from 1.26% (1980s) to 0.68% (2010-2011) • Compost from farm waste using Pleurotus • Vermicomposting of agricultural waste thro’ demo cum training • Bio-Fertilizer Production Units(15 BFPUs) – capacity 3850 MT – Produce and distribute 3 strains viz.,Azospirillum, Rhizobium and Phosphobacteria • Liquid biofertilizers – 5 BFPUs strengthened – capacity 2.5 lakh litres per annum. Proposal for converting the remaining 10 BFPUs for the production of liquid bio fertilizer approved by the SLSC. • Blue Green Algae & Azollaproduced and distributed to farmers • Green manure crop seeds procured and distributed to the farmers at a subsidy of 50%. • Enrichment of Soil Fertility through Trash Mulching in Sugarcane (2013-14) - 5000 Ha – Allocation Rs.1.01 crore

27. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES MACRO NUTRIENTS: • Need based fertilizer recommendations based on soil testing • Season-wise, cropwise, farm wise fertilizer requirement plans formulated every year. • Seasonwise supply plan prepared to ensure adequate availability of fertilizers • Distribution of quality fertilizers • Strict Enforcement of Fertilizer Control Order, 1985 • collection of samples from wholesale /retail outlets & manufacturing units, • analysis of samples through 14 notified Government Fertilizer Control Laboratories - It is programmed to analyze 17500 fertilizer samples every year • legal action against the distributors who sell non-standard fertilizers

28. INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd… GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES MICRO NUTRIENTS: • Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometers in 30 Soil Testing Laboratories and 16 Mobile Soil Testing Laboratories. • Micro Nutrient Mixture Production Centre - produces 1600 MT of 14 types of notified Micro Nutrient Mixtures annually. • Ensuring quality of MN Mixture - 6 Fertilizer Control Laboratories • Strengthening of MN Mixture Production under NADP • Modernization of Micro Nutrient Mixture Unit : Rs. 60 lakhs • Construction of MN mixture godown : Rs.130 lakhs. • Central Control Laboratory - an apex Organization which provides widespread awareness on soil-test–based fertiliser use, technical competence through training to the laboratory personnel and ensures the precision and accuracy of analysis in the laboratories.

29. INCREASING USE EFFICIENCY OF PP CHEMICALS GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • Awareness on indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides • Fixed plot surveys and roving surveys - monitoring and forewarning on pest and diseases outbreak. • Recommendation of Crop and pest specific control measures through radio, television, pamphlets, campaigns, etc., • Sensitization on seed borne diseases - Massive Seed Treatment Campaigns • Promoting knowledge on local production of bio-pesticides • Production of Bio-control agents through Government owned 10 Bio-control labs & 2 Integrated Pest Management Centres. • Distribution of bio-control agents at subsidized cost through Agriculture Extension Centres for eco-friendly pest management. • Promoting farmers’ field based Non Pesticidal Management (NPM) awareness programmes

30. INCREASING USE EFFICIENCY OF PP CHEMICALS contd… GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • Providing subsidies for technologies that are part of IPM and NPM practices. • IPM technologies from seed to seed are popularized among the farmers through Farmers’ Field School - 646 FFS were conducted during 2013-14 and 19380 farmers were trained in the State. • Demonstrations, On-farm trials, Farmer-Farmer interaction and exposure visits are being taken up under ATMA. • Effective implementation of IPM – reduction in consumption of pesticides from 10926 MT of technical grade in 1984-1985 to 2180 MT in 2012-2013 • Plant Protection Equipments viz., Backpack sprayer,Knapsacksparyer,Foot sprayer, Rocker sprayer, Power sprayer cum Duster, engine operated hydraulic back pack sprayer, battery operated Knapsack sprayer & NCIPM Light Traps have been approved by empanelment for the year 2013-14 and are being distributed to farmers under various subsidy schemes.

31. INCREASING USE EFFICIENCY OF PP CHEMICALS contd… GOVERNMENT’S INITIATIVES • Ensuring Quality of pesticides • Enforcement of The Insecticide Act, 1968 and Insecticide Rules, 1971. • Ensuring adequate manufacturing & supply of quality pesticides besides issuing licences as per Insecticide Act, 1968. • Massive campaigns to check sale of spurious chemicals • The pesticide samples analyzed in 15 notified Pesticide Testing Laboratories • NABL accreditation to 2 Pesticide Testing Laboratories & construction of 6 State Pesticide Testing Laboratories • Analysing capacity : 21850 samples • Samples analysed: 16989 (upto Feb,2014) • Samples of Pseudomonas & Trichoderma are analysed at TNAU

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