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Residential Hot Water Use Monitoring Field Study

Residential Hot Water Use Monitoring Field Study. Presented by: Doug Cane Caneta Research Inc./Caneta Energy (Research sponsored by Union Gas) Presented at: CMX-CIPHEX 2012 March 22 nd , 2012. Caneta Research Inc.(Caneta Energy). Caneta services :

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Residential Hot Water Use Monitoring Field Study

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  1. Residential Hot Water Use Monitoring Field Study Presented by: Doug Cane Caneta Research Inc./Caneta Energy (Research sponsored by Union Gas) Presented at: CMX-CIPHEX 2012 March 22nd, 2012

  2. Caneta Research Inc.(Caneta Energy) • Caneta services : • engineering research and analysis, monitoring and management services. • energy consulting and code compliance modelling services to owners and design teams for new buildings. • www.canetaenergy.com

  3. Background • Caneta was contracted by Union Gas to perform a field study to measure residential hot water use. • Goal was to determine variables that affect Domestic Hot Water (DHW) use, and determine DHW use patterns. • Study participants were from 3 areas in Ontario within Union Gas territory (Hamilton, London, and Sudbury). • Monitored water heaters for 2 week periods between 14th August, 2009, ending October 22nd, 2009. • Monitoring equipment provided by NRCan.

  4. Monitoring Equipment 13 Kits Consisting of: • Data logger: set to record DHW volume every 4 seconds • Pulse output flow meter • Custom power supply for flow meter • Electric Pulse Input Interface • Surge protector Installed in 37 Homes • 16 in Hamilton • 11 in London • 10 in Sudbury • Of these, 1 site had unusable data, 3 others had errors

  5. Homeowner Survey • Each homeowner filled out a survey characterizing their home and how they use hot water • Survey fields included: occupancy patterns, types of occupants, number and type of fixtures/appliances, frequency of fixture/appliance use, and house characteristics Example of Survey Results

  6. Summary of Data – Draw Volume • Average daily draw volume for a typical year is 199 Liters (site average 197 Liters per day) • Equates to 63 Liters per person per day

  7. Data Summary - Draw Volume Draw Volume per Home per Day (L/day) by Number of Occupants:

  8. Data Summary - Draw Volume Draw Volume per Person per Day (L/person/day) by Number of Occupants:

  9. Data Summary - Draw Volume Draw Volume per Person per Day (L/person/day) by Location:

  10. Data Summary - Draw Volume Draw Volume per Person per Day (L/person/day) by Tank Size:

  11. Summary– Draw Frequency • Short small draws accounted for a large number of DHW draws • Potential issue with some data not being real draws (phantom draw) • Average of 103 draws per day including phantom draws, and 73.9 draws per day excluding phantom draws • Phantom draws account for an average of 0.93 Liters per day, which is insignificant • Average home draws hot water for 44.5 minutes per day including phantom draws, and 44.2 minutes per day excluding phantom draws

  12. Data Summary - Draw Frequency Average Number of Draws per Home by City: * Data used for this plot includes phantom draws

  13. Data Summary - Draw Frequency Average Number of Draws per Person by City: * Data used for this plot includes phantom draws

  14. Conclusions • A typical daily draw volume is 199 Liters, or 63 Liters per person per day • A typical water heater will experience 73 draws during one day • On-demand and storage water heaters have similar use patterns

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