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Disorders of the Knee

Disorders of the Knee. Sports medicine. Chondromalacia Patella. Abnormal softening of the cartilage under the kneecap

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Disorders of the Knee

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  1. Disorders of the Knee Sports medicine

  2. Chondromalacia Patella • Abnormal softening of the cartilage under the kneecap • Symptoms are generally a vague discomfort of the inner knee area aggravated by activity (running, jumping, climbing or descending stairs) or by prolonged sitting with knees in a moderately bent position • Patients frequently have abnormal patellar tracking toward the lateral side of the femur

  3. Treatment • Primary goal for treatment and rehab is to create a straighter pathway for the patella to follow during contraction of quads • Icing and anti-inflammatory medications • Selective strengthening of the inner portion of the quadriceps

  4. Patellar Dislocation • Usually occurs as result of sudden direction changes while running and the knee is under stress • May occur as result of direct injury

  5. Osgood-Schlatter Disease • One of the most common causes of knee pain in young athletes • Swelling, pain and tenderness just below knee • Occurs mostly in boys who are having growth spurt during their pre-teen or teenage years • Only rarely persists beyond the growing stage

  6. Treatment • Cut down on time spent playing sports until the pain has been gone for 2-4 months • RICE

  7. Patellar Tendinitis • “Jumper’s Knee” • Relatively common inflammatory condition that causes pain in the anterior aspect of knee • Begins as inflammation of patellar tendon where it attaches to the patella • Can progress to tearing or degeneration of the tendon

  8. Treatment • Rest the injured area until symptoms have subsided • RICE • NSAIDS • Strengthen the quadriceps • Neoprene sleeves or braces

  9. Osteochondritis Dissecans • Blood supply to the area at the end of the bone is cut off • A fragment may gradually loosen, separate and cause pain • Knee is most commonly affected

  10. Symptoms • Pain • “Locking” of the joint • Feeling of the joint wanting to “give way” • Decreased joint movement, limited ROM • Limping • Swelling and tenderness over the joint • Stiffness after resting

  11. Causes and Treatment • Injury or stress • Restricted blood supply • Resting the joint • Immobilization of the joint • NSAIDS

  12. Meniscal Injuries • The two most common causes are traumatic injury and degenerative processes • Most common mechanism of traumatic tear is when the knee is bent and then twisted • Not uncommon for the meniscus to tear along with injuries to the MCL and ACL (The unhappy triad)

  13. ACL Tear • Most often occurs when an athlete suddenly pivots causing excessive rotational forces on the ligament • Sudden giving way of the knee • May hear a 'pop' at the time of injury • Sudden swelling of the knee joint • Pain in the knee when walking

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