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Helminths

Helminths. Kingdom Animalia Sub-kingdom Invertebrata. I. Phylum Platyhelminthes - flatworms II. Phylum Nematoda - roundworms III. Phylum Annelida - segmented worms IV. Phylum Arthropoda – tics, mites, lice. Phylum Platyhelminthes flatworms. A. Class Cestoda -tapeworms

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Helminths

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  1. Helminths

  2. Kingdom AnimaliaSub-kingdom Invertebrata • I. Phylum Platyhelminthes - flatworms • II. Phylum Nematoda - roundworms • III. Phylum Annelida - segmented worms • IV. Phylum Arthropoda –tics, mites, lice

  3. Phylum Platyhelminthes flatworms A. Class Cestoda -tapeworms  1. Taenia ­pisiformis. - B. Class Trematoda- Flukes 2. Clonorchissinensis - liver fluke 3. Fasciolopsisbuski - giant intestinal fluke 4. Schistosomamansoni female blood fluke C. Class Turbellaria - free-living flatworms, ie. not parasitic 5. Planaria spp.

  4. Class Cestoda -tapeworms Taenia ­pisiformis Head (scolex) Suckers Hooks Segments (proglottids) Testes Ovaries

  5. Class Trematoda- Flukes Clonorchissinensis - liver fluke Oral sucker Pharynx Intestines (cecum) Uterus Testes

  6. Class Trematoda- Flukes Fasciolopsisbuski - giant intestinal fluke Label: mouth, ventral sucker, intestines (cecum), testes

  7. Class Trematoda- Flukes Schistosomamansoni female blood fluke; ventral sucker, ovary, mouth

  8. Class Turbellaria - free-living flatworms, ie. not parasitic Planaria spp.Label: pharynx, eyespots, gastrovascular cavity

  9. Kingdom AnimaliaSub-kingdom Invertebrata • I. Phylum Platyhelminthes - flatworms • II. Phylum Nematoda - roundworms • III. Phylum Annelida - segmented worms • IV. Phylum Arthropoda –tics, mites, lice

  10. . Phylum Nematoda roundworms 6. Enterobiusvermicularis female – pinworm; Label: mouth, pharynx

  11. . Phylum Nematoda roundworms Ascarislumbricoides - intestinal round worm- plastimount; Label: male, female

  12. . Phylum Nematoda roundworms • Necatoramericanus- American hookworm; Label: teeth, muscular pharynx, posterior bursa and rays (male)

  13. . Phylum Nematoda roundworms Trichinellaspiralis- threadworm encysted in muscle; Label: cyst, muscle, larva

  14. Kingdom AnimaliaSub-kingdom Invertebrata • I. Phylum Platyhelminthes - flatworms • II. Phylum Nematoda - roundworms • III. Phylum Annelida - segmented worms • IV. Phylum Arthropoda –tics, mites, lice

  15. Phylum Annelidasegmented worms Class Hirudinea 10. Leech; Label: anterior sucker, mouth, intestine, posterior sucker

  16. Kingdom AnimaliaSub-kingdom Invertebrata • I. Phylum Platyhelminthes - flatworms • II. Phylum Nematoda - roundworms • III. Phylum Annelida - segmented worms • IV. Phylum Arthropoda –tics, mites, lice

  17. Phylum Arthropoda • Class Arachnia • Class Insecta

  18. 11.Dermacentor spp.- tick; Label: head, thorax, abdomen, legs Class Arachnia

  19. Sarcoptesscabiei - itch mite; Label: mouth, legs, bristles on rear legs, bristles on abdomen Class Arachnia

  20. Dermatophagoides spp.- dust mite; Label: thorax, legs, abdomen Class Arachnia

  21. Phylum Arthropoda • Class Arachnia • Class Insecta

  22. Class Insecta Flea; Label: head, thorax, abdomen, legs

  23. Class Insecta Pediculushumaniscorporus - human body louse; Label: abdomen, thorax, head, antennae, eyes, plates, legs

  24. Class Insecta Pthiruspubis- crab louse; Label: thorax, abdominal segments, eyes, legs, antennae

  25. Taxonomy • Phylum: Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) • Class: Cestodes (tapeworms) • Pork tapeworm (Taenia solium) • Beef tapeworm (Taenia saginata) • Fish tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum)

  26. Characteristics of Tapeworms • Monoecious • Missing an entire system • Scolex: suckers, hooks, or grooves • Segmented • proglottids • Gravid proglottids • Strobilia • Uterine branches

  27. Beef Tapeworm Scolex

  28. Pork Tapeworm Scolex

  29. Pork Tapeworm Scolex

  30. Pork Tapeworm Scolex

  31. Pork Tapeworm • Uterine branches in proglottid

  32. Beef Tapeworm • Uterine branches in proglottid

  33. Pork and Beef Tapeworm Diseases • 1. TAENIASIS (Pork and Beef) • 2. CYSTICERCOSIS (Pork only)

  34. Life Cycle: Taenia

  35. Tapeworms inside intestines

  36. Taenia Egg

  37. Taenia Egg

  38. CYSTICERCOSIS

  39. Broadfish Tapeworm • Operculated eggs contain ciliated coracidium. • Copepods eat the coracidium. • They become procerocoid larvae • Minnows eat the copepod. • Predator fish eat the minnows. • Humans eat the predator fish. • The infective stage is in the fish.

  40. Broadfish Tapeworm • The larvae are released from the cysts. • They invade the intestines and mature. • They attach by bilateral grooves called brothria. • The proglottids are passed in the feces, and return to the water. • They become embryonated and become operculated eggs.

  41. Fish Tapeworm Bilateral grooves

  42. Fish Tapeworm • Proglottids

  43. Operculated Broadfish Tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium) egg. Operculum Has a ciliated coracidium inside Knob

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