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Parasitic Helminths and Arthropod Agents and Vectors of Diseases

Parasitic Helminths and Arthropod Agents and Vectors of Diseases. Parasitic Helminths and Arthropod Agents and Vectors of Diseases. Objectives: By the end of this lecture the student should be able to :

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Parasitic Helminths and Arthropod Agents and Vectors of Diseases

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  1. Parasitic Helminths and Arthropod Agents and Vectors of Diseases

  2. Parasitic Helminths and Arthropod Agents and Vectors of Diseases • Objectives: • By the end of this lecture the student should be able to : • Name the three main groups of parasitic helminths and their characteristic morphological features . • Describe the life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides as an example of parasitic heminths . • Discuss the role of arthropods as agents and as vectors of diseases in humans. • Give examples of the main arthropod vectors of diseases.

  3. Classification of Parasites

  4. Nematodes General features: Elongated worm, cylindrical, unsegmented and tapering at both ends. Variable in size, measure <1 cm to about 100cm. Sex separate and male is smaller than female

  5. Location of helminths in the body: Intestinal helminths Tissue helminths

  6. Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)

  7. The commonest human helminthes infection. Found in jejunumand upper part of ileum. Female ± 20 cm longer than male ± 10 cm Feed on semi digested food. Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)

  8. Ascaris lumbricoides

  9. The Trematodes

  10. Taenia saginata

  11. MEDICAL IMPORTANCE OF ARTHROPODS • 1)As aetiologic agents (causes) of diseases. • Tissue damage • Induction of hypersensitivity reactions. • Injection of poisons • Entomophobia (acarophobia) • 2) As vectors of diseases: • I: Mechanical transmission - simple carriage of pathogens. • II: Biological transmission: • - cyclical • - propagative • - cyclopropagative • III: Transovarian transmission

  12. Important arthropod vectors for human diseases

  13. LICE Louse(singular) , Lice (pleural) Pediculus humanus

  14. Mosquitoes : Cosmopolitan , more than 3000 species. Larval and pupal stages always aquatic Mouth parts in female adapted to piercing and sucking blood. Genus and species distinguished by morphology of adult and deveopmetal stages.

  15. Phlebotomus ( sand fly)

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