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Indian Wars

Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861-1886). Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM and CO territories. Geronimo Col. Christopher “Kit” Carson. Carson kills or relocates many Apache to reservations in 1862. Clashes drag on until Geronimo surrenders in 1886.

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Indian Wars

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  1. Indian Wars

  2. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861-1886) • Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories • Navajo – NM and CO territories

  3. Geronimo • Col. Christopher “Kit” Carson

  4. Carson kills or relocates many Apache to reservations in 1862. • Clashes drag on until Geronimo surrenders in 1886.

  5. Navajo surrender in 1863, but Carson attacks before and kills hundreds, destroys homeland. • Navajo move to NM reservation in 1865.

  6. Sand Creek Massacre (1864) • Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho – Central Plains

  7. Black Kettle • Col. John Chivington

  8. Cheyenne massacres prompt Chivington to kill up to 500 surrendered Cheyenne and Arapaho led by Black Kettle.

  9. Red River War (1874-1875) • Comanche and Southern branches of Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Arapaho – Southern Plains

  10. Comanche War parties • Gen. William T. Sherman • Lt. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan

  11. Southern Plains Indians relocated to OK Indian Territory in 1867. • Comanche warriors raced to TX to kill hunters who had destroyed their food supply. • Sherman and Sheridan defeat warriors and open land for ranching.

  12. Battle of Little Bighorn (1876) • Sioux of the Northern Plains – Dakota, WY, and MT territories (Black Hills Region)

  13. Sitting Bull • Crazy Horse • Lt. Col. George A. Custer

  14. US Govt. tries to buy gold-rich Black Hills from Sioux. • Talks fail and Custer’s 7th Calvary sent to round up the Sioux. • Troops meet up with large number of Sioux. • Custer and 200 men killed in “Custer’s Last Stand.”

  15. Nez Perce War (1877) • Nez Perce – ID, WA, and OR Territories

  16. Chief Joseph • Gen. Nelson Miles • Gen. Oliver O. Howard

  17. Nez Perce makes stand to hold land and not move to ID reservation. • Chief Joseph leads families, warriors of tribe (apprx. 700 people) for 1800 miles. • Surrendered after some battles and moved to reservation in WA Territory.

  18. Battle of Wounded Knee (1890) • Sioux Reservation in South Dakota (Pine Ridge Reservation)

  19. Sitting Bull • US 7th Calvary

  20. Ghost Dance raises fears of Sioux uprisings. • Sitting Bull killed in an attempted arrest. • His followers surrender and camp at Wounded Knee. • Shots are fired; some 200 – 300 Sioux die (women and children included).

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