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Water - Energy. Arjen Hoekstra Professor in Water Management – University of Twente – the Netherlands Scientific Director – Water Footprint Network. www.waterfootprint.org. Water-energy. The water sector is becoming more energy-intensive. desalination pumping deeper groundwater
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Water - Energy Arjen Hoekstra Professor in Water Management – University of Twente – the Netherlands Scientific Director – Water Footprint Network www.waterfootprint.org
Water-energy The water sector is becoming more energy-intensive. desalination pumping deeper groundwater large-scale (inter-basin) water transfers The energy sector is becoming more water-intensive. biomass
Water footprint of energy [Gerbens-Leenes, Hoekstra & Van der Meer, 2008]
Energy from biomass [Gerbens-Leenes, Hoekstra & Van der Meer, 2008]
Energy from biomass [Gerbens-Leenes, Hoekstra & Van der Meer, 2008]
Production-chain bio-energy ELECTRICITY BIOMASS HEAT RESIDUE CROP YIELD RESIDUE EXTRACTIONYIELD ETHANOL BIODIESEL [Gerbens-Leenes, Hoekstra & Van der Meer, 2008]
Global average water footprint of biofuels from different crops m3/GJ [Gerbens-Leenes, Hoekstra & Van der Meer, 2008]
Water footprint of biofuels from different crops [litre/litre] [Gerbens-Leenes, Hoekstra & Van der Meer, 2008]
Conclusions WF of bio-energy >> WF of other forms of energy WF bio-heat or electricity < WF biofuels WF bio-ethanol < WF biodiesel Sugarbeet most water-efficient energy crop Large country differences
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