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Steps of the Scientific Method and Designing Controlled Experiments

Learn about the steps of the scientific method and how to design controlled experiments. Understand how to formulate hypotheses, test them, analyze results, and draw conclusions. Explore the concept of spontaneous generation and the development of scientific theories.

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Steps of the Scientific Method and Designing Controlled Experiments

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  1. Chapter 1Section 2 How Scientists Work

  2. The Scientific Method • The Scientific Method is often described as a series of steps that is used to answer question or solve a problem.

  3. Steps of the Scientific Method • 1. Make an Observation: Observations can be made with the five senses. Sight, touch, taste, feel, and hearing.

  4. 2. Ask a Question: Based on an observation.

  5. 3. Form a Hypothesis: Which is a possible explanation for what you have observed.

  6. Predictions • Before a scientists can test a hypothesis, they must first make predictions.

  7. A Prediction is a statement of cause and effect that can be used to set up a test for a hypothesis.

  8. Predictions are usually stated in an “If…, then…” format.

  9. 4. Test the Hypothesis: By conducting experiments.

  10. 5. Analyze the Results: Collected from experiments.

  11. 6. Draw Conclusions: From the results of your experiment.

  12. 7. Communicate Results: To other scientists.

  13. Mid-Section Review • Using the steps of the scientific Method, explain using these steps, why anoles use their dewlaps? Explain in detail EX. How would you test your hypothesis?

  14. Designing an Experiment • 1. Stating the Problem. • 2. Forming a hypothesis. • 3. Setting up a controlled experiment. • 4. Recording and analyzing results. • 5. Drawing a conclusion.

  15. Stating the Problem • Redi’s Experiment.

  16. Forming a Hypothesis • Redi’s experi.

  17. Setting up a Controlled Experiment • Redi’s experiment.

  18. Recording and Analyzing Results

  19. Drawing a Conclusion

  20. Key Term • Spontaneous Generation: Hypothesis (Disproven) stating that life could arise from nonliving matter.

  21. Setting up a controlled experiment • In science, testing a hypothesis often involves designing an experiment.

  22. The factors in an experiment that can change are called Variables.

  23. Examples of variables include equipment used, type of material, amount of material, temperature, light, and time.

  24. Whenever possible, a hypothesis should be tested by an experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time.

  25. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled. • This type of experiment is called a Controlled Experiment.

  26. The variable that is deliberately changed is called the Manipulated Variable.

  27. The Variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable is called the Responding Variable.

  28. How a Theory Develops • In Science, the word Theory applies to a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations.

  29. A theory enables scientists to make accurate predictions about new situations.

  30. Section Review • Pg. 15 #’s1-5

  31. Think, Pair, Share • Figures: 1-10, 1-11, and 1-12

  32. Quiz • A Theory enables? • Life could arise from nonliving matter is defined as _______________. • What is the difference between responding variable and manipulated variable? • List the steps of the scientific method. • What is a prediction? • What is a controlled experiment? • What is spontaneous generation? • In science, testing a hypothesis often involves: • Whenever possible, a hypothesis should be tested by: • In science the word theory applies:

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