Social Development

1. Social Development

2. Attachment • The emotional ties that form between people. • Attachment is essential for survival • By four months, they prefer their mother. • http://www.focusas.com/Attachment.html

3. Stranger Anxiety • By 8 months infants develop a fear of strangers. • They become more distressed when strangers try to touch them.

4. Separation Anxiety • Also at about the same age, infants become distressed if they fear that their parent is leaving them • Why?

5. Contact Comfort • Instinctual need to touch or be touched by something soft. • Examples:

6. Imprinting • Process by which some animals form immediate attachments during a critical period. • While this takes place in animals like geese…Humans do not have a critical period. • What does this mean? • How do we know this?

7. Authoritative Combine warmth with positive strictness Children are more independent and achievement oriented. Authoritarian Believe in obedience for its own sake Expect children to follow without question Children become resistant and less friendly as well as less spontaneous What type of parent will you be?

8. What type of parent will you be? • Permissive • High in warmth but rarely discipline their children • Expectations of maturation are low. • Helicopter Parents • Parents are more involved today than at any other time • Even talking to college professors • Children are their investment

9. Child Abuse and NeglectCauses • Stress- Poverty and Unemployment • History in family • Acceptance of violence as a coping mechanism • Lack of attachment to the children • Substance abuse • Rigid attitudes about child rearing

10. Unconditional Positive Regard Parents love and accept their children for who they are-no matter how they behave How do they grow up? Conditional Positive Regard Parents show their love only when the children behave in certain acceptable ways How do they grow up? Self-esteem