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BIOLOGY II

BIOLOGY II. Gut Function & Regulation Dr Alan Tuffery — Physiology atuffery@tcd.ie Punctuality Mobiles. Nutrition & Excretion. Regulation of Motility & Secretion Digestion, Absorption & Defaecation Mammalian Kidney: Filtration, Reabsorption & Secretion; Regulation. Useful Textbooks.

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BIOLOGY II

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  1. BIOLOGY II Gut Function & Regulation Dr Alan Tuffery — Physiology atuffery@tcd.ie Punctuality Mobiles SF Biology II

  2. Nutrition & Excretion • Regulation of Motility & Secretion • Digestion, Absorption & Defaecation • Mammalian Kidney: Filtration, Reabsorption & Secretion; Regulation SF Biology II

  3. Useful Textbooks Germann & Stanfield Principles of Human Physiology (612 P23 Hamilton Reserve; S-LEN) Sherwood Human Physiology From Cells to Systems (612 M98*2Hamilton Reserve; S-LEN) SF Biology II

  4. 1. Overview of Gut • General Function of Gut • General structure assumed • Accessory organs: • salivary glands, pancreas, liver • Motility • Secretion (e.g. pancreas) SF Biology II

  5. Gut — General Functions • Motility • Secretion • Digestion • Absorption • (Immunological) SF Biology II

  6. General structure of the gut SF Biology II

  7. Liver lobule • Flow of nutrients • From hepatic portal vein • Hence gradient of stored nutrients from HPV to central vein • ’bipolar’ hepatocytes SF Biology II

  8. Pancreas • Endocrine • Insulin,glucagon • Exocrine • Enzymes (acini) • Bicarbonate (ducts) SF Biology II

  9. Motility — defined • The movement of the wall of the gut* • Peristalsis (rel. rare) • Segmentation (main) • Haustration (large intestine = segmentation) • *NOT movement of the contents of the gut SF Biology II

  10. Motility — segmentation • Commonest • Alternating contraction • Mixing AND • Propulsion • Frequency decreases distally SF Biology II

  11. Motility — peristalsis • Relatively rare • Waves of contraction • Rapid propulsion • ‘clearing’ SF Biology II

  12. Pancreas • Endocrine • Insulin,glucagon • Exocrine • Enzymes (acini) • Bicarbonate (ducts) SF Biology II

  13. Pancreas — exocrine function • Stimulus: H+ • Signal: secretin • Effector : pancreatic duct cells • NEGATIVE FEEDBACK SF Biology II

  14. Pancreas — Endocrine function • Acts to prevent rise in glucose following digestion/absorption SF Biology II

  15. Gut — Control mechanisms SF Biology II

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