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Simulations of an ‘isochronous’ non-scaling FFAG. FFAG workshop, Trinity College Oxford , 2011. Suzie Sheehy. 1. 1. ADS. ‘Accelerator Driven System’ Cost Safety Proliferation Waste. 2. Scaling FFAGs & EMMA are a great success! We have a good technology Let’s use it!. 3. 4.
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Simulations of an ‘isochronous’ • non-scaling FFAG FFAG workshop, Trinity College Oxford, 2011 Suzie Sheehy 1
ADS • ‘Accelerator Driven System’ • Cost • Safety • Proliferation • Waste 2
Scaling FFAGs & EMMA are a great success! • We have a good technology • Let’s use it! 3
Beam trips • Source: ADS White paper, ‘Accelerator and Target Technology for Accelerator Driven Transmutation and Energy Production’, 2010 5
Reliability • Source: Updated version of data based on that of J. Galambos at HB2010 Analysis suggests a number of different sources cause beam trips - (-D. Findlay) This is not a simple problem! 6
Reliability • [Burgazzi & Pierini 2007] • “The current operational experience at accelerator facilities worldwide surely exceeds by a great factor these requirements on the allowed accelerator faults, but none of the existing accelerators has been until now designed with similar demanding requirements” • “The table highlights the sensitivity of the reliability values to the number of cavities/sections. This stems directly from the reliability analysis rules which predict the product of the single reliability values for series wise configuration” 7
Reliability-oriented design • component over-design • redundancy • fault-tolerance What about number of components?? 8
Design & parameters 9 Design by C. Johnstone et al.
Field profiles F D 10
ZGOUBI results • Verified: • closed orbit positions • time-of-flight variation (isochronicity) • tunes vs. energy 11
Dynamic aperture x’ • Single particle dynamic aperture • Amplitudes in both x/y y’ x y x’ y’ x y 12
Space charge • OPAL ‘Object Oriented Parallel Accelerator Library’ • Massively parallel • 3D space charge • Interacting orbits Watch this space! 14
Longitudinal Dynamics Phase slip is currently too large for stationary bucket! (even at h=1) 13
More practical issues… Laser H- stripping injection? What about extraction?? PSI 590 MeV cyclotron has four 1MV RF cavities at 50.633MHz Radial aperture at least 2.35m (Rext – Rinj) Max line power 4*520kW 15
Thanks to: • C. Johnstone, M. Berz, F. Meot • ASTeC IB Group • 1851 Commission 18
References • S. L. Sheehy, Dynamics of a novel isochronous non-scaling FFAG, to appear in Proceedings of the International Particle Accelerator Conference, Bilbao, September 2011. • S. L. Sheehy, Space charge studies of a 1 GeV isochronous non-scaling FFAG proton driver, to appear in Proceedings of the International Particle Accelerator Conference, Bilbao, September 2011. • H. Ait Abderrahim, J. Galambos et al., Accelerator and Target Technology for Accelerator Driven Transmutation and Energy Production. • L. Burgazzi and P. Pierini, “Reliability studies of a high-power proton accelerator for accelerator-driven system applications for nuclear waste transmutation”, Reliability Engineering and System Safety 92 (2007) 449–463 • C. Johnstone, Non-scaling FFAG designs for ADSR and Ion Therapy, presented at FFAG’10, KURRI, Japan. [http://hadron.kek.jp/FFAG/FFAG10_HP/slides/Thu/Thu05Johnstone.pdf] • C. Johnstone, M. Berz, K. Makino and P. Snopok, Innovations in Fixed-Field Accelerators: Design and Simulation, In Proceedings of Cyclotrons ’10 • C. Johnstone, M. Berz, K. Makino and P. Snopok, Isochronous (CW) Non-Scaling FFAGs: Design and Simulation, AIP Conference Proceedings 1299, pp. 682-687, Nov. 2010. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3520412] • B. Rimmer, Accelerator Costs, ADSR Workshop 2010, VTech 19